The Usefulness Of Swot Analysis To Organisations Business Essay

The Usefulness Of Swot Analysis To Organisations Business Essay Change is a very significant word in business. Modern business is defined as the most competitive and active. To survive in the modern competitive business environment, the organizations have to adopt their strategies to meet the changing demands and needs of the customers. SWOT analysis is one the most significant business strategies which helps the organizations to assess their current situation both internally and externally and to implement a new strategy where necessary. Moreover, modern high technology, communication system and online shopping are highly influencing the customers and thus their demands and needs are becoming volatile. They have more choices, alternative products and services to get. Also, the changing life style of human beings is also another important reason why the business organizations need to modify their strategies. To balance these changes, both technological and social, the managers should plan a SWOT analysis and implement a new business strategy. However, change in business enables an organization to compete with its rivals and win the business position. Business organizations, particularly fashion, clothing, perfumed, mobile companies, technological instruments consider change as the most vital part of business strategy. For manufacturing companies, change is important in the sense that it gives variety to the existing customers and satisfies their unexposed desires. However, to bring change in business environment, the first thing is to identify the need of change, which will be followed by a specific plan for these changes. Various business tools, process, technology and performance meters are used to incorporate these changes. There is no alternative for continuous improvement in business environment. To survive in a competitive business environment, continuous improvement is mandatory to meet the business objectives. So, SWOT analysis is very important for business organizations to implement a new business strategy in order to cope with the modern competitive business market and to meet business objectives. Modern Business Environment: Volatile Change is one of the most significant and vital elements in business market. There are lots of reasons whey business market is changing and getting affected by it. The word change has now become the part of corporate business. Change management is a modern business philosophy which is adopted almost by every renowned business organization to meet the challenges of volatile business environment. The reasons of rapid change in business can be economic instability, inflation, changing life style, extensive use of modern technology, etc. Rapid rise and death of new companies also affect business environment. What is SWOT Analysis? An internationally recognized and extensive used business tool, SWOT analysis is a powerful technique to assess the current situation of a business organization and to predict the future business life. It is the primary level for marketers to plan and focus on key issues. However, SWOT is an abbreviated term for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. Strengths and weaknesses are internal factors, while opportunities and threats are external. History of SWOT analysis: Albert Humphrey developed the SWOT analysis technique. Team Action Model was the research project that Humphrey led a Stanford University in the 1960s and 1970s from where the term was derived. He collected the data for this research from many top companies. However, SWOT analysis is an extended form of TAM, which helps to manage change in business organization. Moreover, since 1960s organizations have been using SWOT analysis as a business concept. It has been also used in management structure and corporate marketing. Indeed, with the passage of time the concepts of SWOT have been modified to suit the needs of business setting. Significance of SWOT analysis: SWOT analysis is one of the most significant business tools, which aims to assess the current situation of an organization in order to develop business strategies to encounter competition. It is a key element of strategic development. It helps a company to predict its future prospects and the financial environment. Again, it helps an organization to develop its critical and specific decisions to plan strategic objectives. It helps organizations to predict future difficulties or problems. Notably, SWOT analysis can also be used in human life. It helps individuals to get an instant view of personality or career. In fact, SWOT analysis is a magnificent tool for appraisal both in business and individual life. Apart from these, there are numbers of other reasons whey an organization uses SWOT analysis. It can be used as a tool of problem solving, decision making, planning, brainstorm meetings, workshop sessions, product evaluation and also personal development planning. Discussion and Analysis: SWOT A tool for auditing an organization and its environment, SWOT analysis is the primary stage of planning which helps marketers to focus on key issues of business strategies. However, SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Strengths and weaknesses are internal factors. Opportunities and threats are external factors. SWOT ANALYSIS: INTERNAL FACTORS Strengths Strengths are the first elements of SWOT analysis which assesses the positive tangible and intangible attributes of an organization internally. These attributes are controllable and within the organizations. These strengths of a person or a company help to achieve the objectives. Strengths can also be defined as the elements which enable an organization to do well, comparing to the competitors. It focuses on the advantages of the organization over the business. For example, the strengths of an organization can be good quality of the products, brand image, attention of electronic media, customer loyalty, best location, strong communication, etc. Weaknesses Weaknesses include the elements which are harmful and stand in the way of achieving the business objectives. These are the internal factors within an organizations control that prevent to gain the desired objectives. It helps the organizations to identify the specific areas where improvements are necessary. The weaknesses of an organization, for instance, can be poor quality standards, broken reputation, past loss project, rejected by customers, old fashioned products, poor communication system, negligence of media, etc. SWOT ANALYSIS: EXERNAL FACTORS Opportunities Opportunities are the external factors over which the organization does have control. But, these factors affect the companys profitability and business processes both directly and indirectly. These are the factors why an organization exists and develops. These factors help an organization to foresee the future possibilities and opportunities that the organization may encounter. They help the organization to plan and identify the time line to achieve the objectives. Indeed, opportunities are the objectives of organization in a broad sense. For example, the opportunities of an organization can be a new business market, extending business overseas or to other outlets, launching a new product, adding new value (such as, online marketing), moving to global market, etc. Threats Threats are the external factors which cause dangers and risks for an organization to achieve the goals and objectives. As external factors, organizations do not have control over them, but are highly affected by them. These factors help an organization to have safeguard from risks and dangers. These factors also guide the organization to drive on the right road. Threats of an organization, for example, can be: Rising popularity of the competitors in local or global market Changing habits of customers Pricing competition with competitors Arrival of new alternative product in the market New taxation policy Difference between external and internal factors of SWOT: The difference between external factors and internal factors of SWOT analysis is very obvious. The basic difference between the two is that internal factors are controllable, while external factors cannot be controlled by the organization. Usually, the external factors (strengths and weaknesses) of an organization are mainly based on organization itself, corporate market or customer needs and demands. The strength of an organization can be defined as the way of meeting customer needs and satisfaction, while weaknesses are the problems or shortcomings that the company faces to fulfill the market or customer demands. However, the internal factors of an organization usually affect the following factors, such as sale and profitability, product quality and brand image, product cost and customer needs, employee potentiality and the financial ability of management, etc. On the other hand, the external factors of an organization are the issues that affect not only organization but the total business system. The common issues that affect the company externally can be business segments, customer motivations and unmet needs, business strategies, overall business structures, environmental issues (such as governmental, technological, economic, cultural, demographic, etc.), etc. How to implement SWOT Analysis? Though appeared as a simple and easy business tool, SWOT analysis is very powerful and meaningful technique. To implement SWOT analysis, the first thing an organization needs to have is time and adequate information and resources. It is not possible to implement a SWOT analysis in an organization by one person, because it requires team work and efforts. The positive traits of this technique are that it is quick, flexible and comprehensive managing tool, which make the process easy to implement. However, the process of SWOT analysis follows a sequential order. Obviously, there are four steps to follow in this analysis. Whether analyzing a product or a service, the SWOT analysis is done in the same way. First Step: Collection of information In this stage, an organization collects all the information regarding the first two internal factors, strengths and weaknesses. However, this information collection can be done through a number of different ways. One-to-one interview or a group discussion can be carried to gather information. There will be number of different views, questions and issues that related to these elements. Second Step: Listing possible Opportunities and Threats Here, the organization can make a list of all the opportunities that it may encounter in the future. It can make another list of all the future possible threats within the organization. Third Step: Planning action In this stage, the plan of action will carried out to meet these opportunities and to secure the company from the threats. In this stage, the organization makes sure that they can maintain the strengths, change or stop the weaknesses, prioritize opportunies and minimize threats. Again, there are other ways to implement SWOT analysis. The following chart shows another different technique of SWOT analysis. SWOT Analysis Framework Environmental Scan   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  / Internal Analysis  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  External Analysis /   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  / Strengths  Ã‚  Ã‚  Weaknesses  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Opportunities  Ã‚  Ã‚  Threats | SWOT Matrix According to the SWOT matrix formula, there must be a balance between these elements. The formula follows the following chart: SWOT / TOWS Matrix Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities S-O strategies W-O strategies Threats S-T strategies W-T strategies S-O strategies: strengthening positive traits or opportunities W-O strategies: stopping or conquering weaknesses to meet opportunities. S-T strategies: strengthening ways to win external threats W-T strategies: having a strong plan to avoid weaknesses and threats CASE STUDY: SWOT ANALYSIS OF TESCO There are numbers of organizations which are using SWOT analysis almost every day in this modern business environment. This analysis can be carried on a small area of the organization or on overall company. TESCO is one of the major global business installations which can be analyzed by applying SWOT analysis as a whole. Strengths in Tesco The first strength of Tesco can be found in their popularity and business achievement of World Retail Award. Again, the constant increase of overall sales is another significant strength of Tesco. Likewise, Tesco has another strength in their reserve funds for business expansion and meeting economic crisis. Weaknesses in Tesco The primary weakness of Tesco can be found in their bad debt, house insurance claims and credit card arrears. Being a price leader in the market, Tesco is losing profit. Again, Tesco business and its profitability is mainly based on the UK market. Opportunities in Tesco Being the 3rd largest global trader, Tesco has strong buying power. Tesco is a global business organization which has number of different products and services. It is still extending to the global market and gaiting global trust. Extensive use of modern technology is enabling Tesco to meet the modern challenge of marketing. Constant increase of Tesco mobile customers can also be considered as a business opportunity. Threats in Tesco Economic inflation is one of the major business threats that Tesco had encounter in the recent past. The rising cost of food and non-food raw materials is another threat for Tesco. Changing buying habits of customers also affect Tescos business strategies and thus it requires reassessment of the current market. Competition with rivals, particularly with Wal-Mart which can takeover Tesco business position anytime is another noteworthy threat that Tesco is encountering nowadays. CONCLUSION To sum up, SWOT analysis is one of the powerful business tools which can be used in almost every business situation and also in individual affairs. It helps organizations to assess their current position and to plan their future plans. It is decision making tool that provides the framework for an organization to generate business strategy, mark its position and direct its objectives. Though very simple, SWOT analysis requires close attention and experienced application. In the modern changing business market, SWOT analysis has been proved to be a very important tool to the marketers. SWOT analysis is often said to be paralleled and alternative to the PESTEL analysis. Often, organizations use both these business tools together to plan their strategies. Once again, the SWOT analysis helps organizations to get an overall picture of the company and the starting point of strategic planning. It is the primary tool of business analysis. To conclude, experienced marketers when utilizing SWOT analysis make sure that the company is based on its strengths and opportunities, able to stop and correct its weakness, and can protect itself from external threats. They consider the business environment extremely unpredictable and thus use this tool that may help organizations to predict their future through this process.

Philosophy of Teaching Paper Essay

My philosophy of education encompasses three attributes that play a significant role in becoming an effective educator. The three qualities are as follows: creating an environment that is conducive to different types of learners, maintaining a respectful yet fun classroom setting, and using visual and creative teaching methods to sustain the hunger for knowledge in your classroom setting. An educator will remain successful if they possess these qualities in addition to enthusiasm and patience. It is the sole duty of the teacher to assess the different learning styles early and develop a plan of action. An effective educator should have the ability to foster the students’ confidence levels and monitor the teaching strategies that are unsuccessful. I find that relating math problems to real-life situations enables the students to grasp the material in a unique way. Other ways to address a class with different learning styles is to allow peer tutoring and demonstrate cooperative learning. Cooperative learning allows the students to learn the material as a group. This method is extremely useful because it stimulates discussion and creates an environment where mistakes and triumphs are shared. Peer tutoring is effective because it allows certain students to receive help in a smaller setting. This approach is preferred by most students because it allows them to work with another classmate on an individual basis. It is of equal importance that educators create an environment that is fun, yet respectable. Teachers should demonstrate a strict classroom management approach in the beginning and gradually encourage more smiles and laughter. This deviation from the norm reminds the students and teacher that a classroom can become a comfortable environment. However, this method can be altered at the teacher’s discretion. A relaxed classroom atmosphere gives the teacher an approachable disposition. With new-age technology on the rise, all educators must keep up with the times. Students are not responding well to teachers who remain stationary while facilitating a lesson. Educators are competing with cellular phones, IPods, MP3 players, and other technical devices. As a result, many instructors are changing their styles in order to appeal to the masses. This entails incorporating visual aids and creative presentations in the curriculum. The new advancements in technology allow the students to enjoy themselves and learn simultaneously. My philosophy of education also builds upon the theories of essentialism and progressivism. I am an advocate of essentialism because I believe that students should be taught based on a core curriculum that places emphasis on a core subject area. Students tend to gravitate towards structure and educators see better results. Additionally, students gain access to a plethora of knowledge when a core knowledge curriculum is introduced. For example, students should not be held accountable for mastery of basic mathematics skills. Students should also be taught about different mathematicians and the various theories that are associated with them. The core knowledge curriculum allows educators to push the envelope and encourage students to â€Å"think outside of the box†. Essentialism prohibits remediation and promotes the application of critical thinking skills. In defense of differentiated learning, I do applaud the progressivism theory. It is imperative that educators embrace the fact that the students learn differently. Hence, Dewey’s approach that states that education should be child-centered as opposed to subject-centered. Educators should be trained to practice the ability grouping strategy and create lesson plans that cater to all learning styles. We, as educators, should focus on the role as the facilitator in the classroom and encourage students to work independently while using us as a resource. All of the attributes listed above are a reflection of a new day and age. Classrooms with students learning at the same pace are long gone. The days are behind us when teachers were able to instruct from a podium for an entire period. We are in an era that proves that teaching directly from a textbook is not the best method. In conclusion, educators are accountable for ensuring that the students remain hungry by satisfying all of their educational needs.

Calorimetry and Hess’s Law Essay

Elemental magnesium is one of the principal components of flares used to illuminate nighttime activities, or to aid in signaling one’s location to aircraft and ships. Your instructor may ignite a strip of magnesium ribbon to demonstrate the combustion of magnesium in air. It will be evident that a great deal of light energy is released from this reaction. A direct method for measuring the heat produced by this reaction would be difficult, so we shall resort to an indirect method in this experiment as discussed below. Some chemical reactions (including the one above) are associated with the evolution of thermal energy and are called exothermic reactions. When there is absorption of energy in a chemical reaction, the process is called endothermic. The magnitude of the energy change is determined by the particular reaction as well as the amount of product(s) formed. The thermal energy transferred in a balanced chemical reaction carried out at constant pressure is called the enthalpy of reaction (or heat of reaction) and is  given the symbol ΔHrxn. ΔHrxn is often expressed in units of kJ/mole where mole refers to the amount of a reactant or a product involved in the reaction. In general, the reactant or product must be specified. In this experiment, you will measure the enthalpy changes of several exothermic reactions utilizing a simple calorimeter. This calorimeter consists of an insulated vessel (a Styrofoam cup), a thermometer, and a lid (which is loose fitting to allow the pressure to remain constant. The energy given off by any reaction carried out in the calorimeter is absorbed by both the calorimeter and the solvent (water). This causes an increase in the temperature of the calorimeter and solvent that can be me asured by a thermometer. The heat that is absorbed by the calorimeter and solvent is calculated from the equation: qcal = C â‹… ΔT (1) where C is the heat capacity of the calorimeter and solvent, and ΔT is the change in temperature of the water (the solvent) in the calorimeter. Heat capacity is defined as the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of an object by 1  °C. In this experiment, the vessel and the amount of solvent remain constant, so C is a constant. Enthalpy is an extensive quantity, so the amount of heat generated by the reaction is given by the expression: qrxn = n â‹… ΔH (2)  where n is the number of moles of a specific reactant or product and ΔH is the enthalpy change of the reaction in kJ/mol. Since the energy of the universe is conserved, the total energy change of the system (the reaction) and surroundings (calorimeter and solvent) is equal to zero. These relationships can be combined as shown in equation (3). qsystem + qsurroundings = qreaction + qcalorimeter = n⋅ΔH + C⋅ΔT = 0 (3) This equation can be rearranged to determine either C or ΔH as shown in equations (4) and (5). C = − n⋅ΔH/ΔT (4) ΔH = − C⋅ΔT/n (5) For exothermic reactions, ΔH < 0 and ΔT > 0. The main experimental problem in any calorimetric measurement is obtaining an  accurate value of ΔT. The initial temperature, Ti, of the reactants can be determined directly using a thermometer. However, it is difficult to obtain a precise value for the final temperature, Tf (the instantaneous temperature when the reactants are mixed together and react), because (1) reactions do not occur instantaneously, and (2) calorimeters are not perfectly insulating, but actually allow some heat energy to slowly enter or escape from the calorimeter over time. This occurs both during the reaction and after its completion. If an exothermic reaction occurs in a hypothetical calorimeter that is perfectly insulated, all of the heat produced by the reaction will remain in the calorimeter, resulting in a constant final temperature. This would yield the same ΔT whether or not the reaction is instantaneous. Now consider a hypothetical exothermic reaction that occurs instantaneously, but in a realistic calorimeter that is not perfectly insulated. In this case, the temperature of the calorimeter would diminish over time due to the gradual escape of heat energy to the surroundings. ï€  The â€Å"final† temperature to be used in determining ΔT in this case is actually the maximum temperature reached immediately after reaction occurs, since this temperature change is due exclusively to the heat produced in the reaction, and no escaping of heat to the surroundings has occurred yet. For real calorimeter experiments, reactions neither occur instantaneously nor are calorimeters perfectly insulated. Thus, during an exothermic reaction the temperature of the calorimeter increases initially, but never has a chance to reach the correct maximum â€Å"final† temperature since heat is escaping to the surroundings even while the reaction is proceeding toward completion. A correction for this heat exchange is made by an extrapolation process using the temperature vs. time curve (see Figure 1). First, a plot of the temperature readings as a function of time for the reaction is generated. By extrapolating only the linear portion of the curve (e.g., the points including and after the maximum temperature) back to zero time (the time when the reactants were mixed in the calorimeter), Tf is obtained. The Tf value determined in this manner will be the temperature that the calorimeter and the solvent would have reached, had the reaction occurred instantaneously and with no heat exchange to the room. This value should be used for the calculation of change in temperature, ΔT. Consult with your TA for specific instructions for extrapolation using Microsoft Excel. A. Determination of the Enthalpy of Combustion of Mg Using Hess’s Law The calorimeter will be used to determine the enthalpy of combustion of magnesium by application of Hess’s law. Consider the following reactions: (a) H2(g) +  ½ O2 (g) → H2O (l) ΔHa = − 285.84 kJ/mole (b) Mg(s) + 2 H+ (aq) → Mg2+ (aq) + H2 (g) ΔHb (c) Mg2+ (aq) + H2O (l) → MgO (s) + 2 H+ (aq) ΔHc By adding equations (a), (b), and (c) we obtain (d) Mg (s) +  ½ O2 (g) → MgO (s) ΔHrxn = ΔHa + ΔHb + ΔHc which represents the combustion of Mg(s). Reaction (a) represents the formation of liquid water from its constituent elements. The enthalpy change for this reaction, symbolized ΔHa above, is the standard heat of formation of liquid water (or ΔHf (H2O)) and is a known quantity. ΔHb and ΔHc will be determined experimentally by measuring the temperature rise when known masses of magnesium metal and magnesium oxide, respectively, are added to hydrochloric acid. Reaction (c) as written is an endothermic reaction. Since it is easier to perform the reverse (exothermic) reaction, the data you collect will be of opposite sign to that needed for the Hess’s law calculation for reaction (d). When data from your analysis is correctly combined with that for the known reaction (a), the enthalpy of combustion of magnesium metal can be obtained. PROCEDURE: Note: Handle the Styrofoam cups gently. They will be used by other lab sections! A. Determination of the Enthalpy of Combustion of Magnesium Reaction of Magnesium Metal and Hydrochloric Acid 1. Using the graduated cylinder, add 50.0 mL of 1.0 M HCl to the empty calorimeter. Wait for a few minutes to allow the set-up to reach thermal  equilibrium. 2. While waiting, determine the mass of a sample of magnesium ribbon (about 0.15 g) on the analytical balance, and then wrap it with a piece of copper wire. The copper will not react in the solution; its purpose is to prevent the magnesium from floating to the surface during the reaction. Do not wrap the magnesium too tightly or it will not react quickly enough with the HCl solution. Do not wrap the magnesium too loosely since it may escape the copper â€Å"cage† and float. 3. Using LoggerPro, start a run of 500 seconds with the temperature probe in the 1.0 M HCl in the calorimeter (with lid). 4. The magnesium/copper bundle is added to the HCl solution. Replace the lid with the thermometer in place, and begin swirling to mix. Be sure to support the temperature probe. Continue swirling and collecting data and record about 300 seconds or until the temperature starts decreasing. This will provide the linear part of the curve, and are the most important points for the extrapolation procedure. 5. When data collection is completed, rinse the calorimeter and thermometer with distilled water and dry as completely as possible. Place the piece of copper in the container labeled â€Å"copper waste.† B. Reaction of Magnesium Oxide and Hydrochloric Acid 1. Place 50.0 mL of 1.0 M HCl into a clean graduated cylinder. 2. On a top-loading balance, transfer approximately 0.7 to 0.8 g of MgO to a clean weighing boat (no need to record this mass). Next, determine the mass of the MgO and the weighing boat on the analytical balance and record the data. Transfer the MgO to the dry calorimeter. 3. On the analytical balance, record the mass of the â€Å"empty† weighing boat after the transfer and calculate the mass of MgO actually transferred to the calorimeter. 4. Record the initial temperature (Ti) of the 1.0 M HCl solution in the graduated cylinder. 5. Note the time (time = zero) and add the 50.0 mL of 1.0 M HCl to the calorimeter containing the MgO. 7-8 points after the temperature maximum. In this reaction all the MgO should react since HCl is used in excess. However, if the solid MgO is allowed to sit on the bottom or sides of the cup it will not dissolve and hence it will not react. Make sure the solution is mixed constantly but gently. (NOTE: Before discarding this solution, check to see that all of the MgO has reacted. If solid MgO remains, the results from this portion of the experiment are not accurate. If any solid is present, this portion of the experiment must be repeated.)  6. When data collection is completed, rinse the calorimeter and thermometer with distilled water and dry as completely as possible.

Emergence Of Professional Assessment Within Social Work Social Work Essay Essay Example

Emergence Of Professional Assessment Within Social Work Social Work Essay Essay Example Emergence Of Professional Assessment Within Social Work Social Work Essay Essay Emergence Of Professional Assessment Within Social Work Social Work Essay Essay This essay aims to discourse the outgrowth of professional appraisal within societal work and see the part a qualified societal worker is able to offer to the appraisal procedure over that of a well-meaning and skilled unqualified worker. The treatment will be illustrated utilizing appropriate statute law and policy, with mention to service users with larning disablements and older people. The NHS and Community Care Act ( 1990 s. 47 ) places a statutory responsibility on local governments to measure any individual who may be in demand of services. Its induction prompted a sea alteration from antecedently service-led attacks towards user-led appraisal, advancing client demand and positions ( Branfield and Beresford, 2006 ) . However, despite being the fastest turning country of societal work, the protection of grownups is compromised by a deficiency of dedicated, comprehensive statute law. There is, for illustration no grownup equivalent to the Children Act ( 1989 ) to put out statutory responsibilities for local governments. In the absence of such statute law, the Department of Health published the No Secrets counsel ( DH, 2000 ) which makes recommendations for pattern and provides definition for vulnerable grownups as, those in demand of services because of mental or other disablement, age or unwellness, and/or those who are unable to care for themselves or unable to protect themselves from important injury or development. Owing to this, service users with larning disablements and vulnerable older people are likely to fall into said class. In order to discourse appraisal, it is of import to first specify it. Thompson ( 2002 ) refers to the holistic procedure which provides overview of the state of affairs. Crucially, it is merely with this holistic apprehension that practicians can accurately measure which support should be offered, while the process Thompson refers suggests that appraisal should non be an stray juncture. Good appraisal hence requires several phases ; viz. readying, informations aggregation, burdening so analysis of the information gained and in conclusion utilizing this information to inform intercession ( Milner and OBryne, 2009 ) . While these phases are non uniformly adhered to, they provide a procedure which validates the importance of holistic appraisal which is flexible, brooding and multi-agency ( Beckett, 2010 ) . Lack of multi-agency working is commonplace when bureaus fail ( DH, 2001 ) , and the serious instance reappraisal of Steven Hoskin, a vulnerable adult male with learning troubles who was abused, tortured and finally murdered ( BBC, 2007 ) , found overpowering grounds that bureaus were working in isolation, non sharing information and therefore neglecting to run into the demands deemed necessary in No Secrets ( DH, 2000 ) . Steven s reappraisal indicates bureaus were familiar with his exposure every bit good as the hazard posed by his relationship with Darren Stewart, a adult male with a diagnosed personality upset and history of anti-social behavior. Assessment in any instance, but peculiarly in complex 1s such as Steven s require bureaus to work together, intending societal workers must hold entree and overview of all available information in order to accurately measure both service user demands and possible hazards ( Walker and Beckett, 2003 ) . While a societal worker was involved in Steven s instance, the bulk of contact was with helpers who may non hold benefitted from faculties in Inter-Professional Education ( IPE ) which support better apprehension of bureau and professional functions ( Adams et al, 2005 ) . It could therefore argued that a qualified worker would hold understood the importance of sharing information, given that they must besides adhere to societal work Code of Ethical motives which calls for communicating and partnership working, and for bureaus to keep and portion clear, impartial and accurate records ( GCSS, 2002 ) . Sharing information AIDSs professional opinion, regards appraisal and aids deriving a holistic image of service user lives ( Doel and Sharlow, 2005 ) . Despite his built-in exposure, marks bespeaking this were non acknowledged and his serious instance reappraisal indicates that he told of holding no money, increasing his intoxicant ingestion every bit good as multiple calls to the constabulary. Despite constabularies, societal services and Ocean Housing all separately keeping important information sing anti-social behavior at his reference no action was taken. Failure to safeguard persons at hazard contravenes Articles 2 and 3 of the European Convention of Human rights and grownup protection, which like that of a kid, should be triggered when person is at hazard of harm of which there was grounds ( ECHR, 1950 ; DOH, 2000 ) . While independency is encouraged, a categorization of larning disablement should connote support is needed throughout the life-course, most peculiarly for those ( like Steven ) who are without protective societal webs, day-to-day modus operandis and nearby households who are willing to help ( Flynn, 2007 ) . Steven s demands were assessed as substantial and should hold had hebdomadal visits ; nevertheless out of the 18 planned merely 11 took topographic point before support was discontinued by Steven in August 2005. In this clip appraisals were non reviewed and risk appraisals uncompleted, despite FACS counsel saying they should be undertaken even when hazard is low ( DH, 2003 ) . Whilst Steven did hold some contact with Community Care helpers and NHS forces, both were considered un-attuned to his larning disablement, therefore chances to place maltreatment missed and concerns non passed on. Dolgoff et Al ( 2009 ) suggest that practicians will frequently know what the right calls are in pattern owing to gut feelings and Sullivan ( 2011 ) argues experient societal workers can intermix analysis ( such as prioritisation of information and hazard ) with instinct to do determinations in hazardous, complex ad unfamiliar state of affairss. While non sole to qualified staff, the ability to use replete aboard theoretical models, Sullivan arguably places qualified practicians in advantageous places during appraisals. Steven was known to associative with persons presenting as friends who used this place to work and ease maltreatment. Adults with larning disablements have an increased exposure to exploitation and such incidents have since been termed mate offense ( Williams, 2010 ) . Le Riche and Tanner ( 1998 ) recommend that community attention appraisals address countries including presentation, domiciliary cleanliness, and ideally company kept by clients. Stating marks of maltreatment were arguably apparent environmentally, socially and physically and a qualified worker may hold better recognised them and so initiated safeguarding processs as per the societal policy and counsel taught exhaustively in societal work instruction ( DOH, 2000 ; Trevithick, 2005 ) The decease of Gemma Hayter has a figure of tragic similarities to Steven Hoskin, including hapless information sharing ( despite multi-agency engagement ) , failure to reexamine appraisals and associations with known anti-social equals ( 2010 ) . Cardinal to the weaknesss in Gemma s instance nevertheless was the deficiency of lucidity in relation to her status which resulted in her falling through spreads in services. Assessment was refused in August and October 2007 and once more in November 2009 due to the deficiency of a diagnosing of larning disablement and, while she was assessed in 2008 by mental wellness services ; this was non referred on for societal attention appraisal. Appraisal at these occasions may hold identified demand and hazards related to societal operation every bit good as potentially recognizing of the hazard associated with her exploitatory equal group. Arguably personalisation may hold better supported Gemma as it assesses demand and hazard on exposure non me rely medical conditions every bit good as recognise client position and supply liberty ( Faulkner and Sweeney, 2011 ) . While preoccupation with hazard can ensue in those so defined being excluded from decision-making ( Langan and Lindow, 2004 ) ; important to Steven and Gemma s instances are the deductions of the choices made to withdraw with grownup services. While societal workers must recognize service users right to do determinations which may be considered unwise ( DOH, 2005 ) , it must besides be acknowledged that important premises were made about Gemma s mental capacity, despite no appraisal taking topographic point. Indeed, picks in both instances to withdraw were non decently investigated by any of the cardinal bureaus or staff ( Flynn, 2007 ; SCR, 2010 ) . It must be recognised that any individual who has capacity has the right to decline such services ( MHA, 2005 ) , nevertheless, where there is identified hazard the Risk and Choice Framework ( DH, 2007b ) recommends a multi-agency reappraisal meeting should be called to see if alterations can be made to re-engage the client and a haza rd appraisal updated to reflect the determination, which, in Gemma s instance this was non done. Again, a qualified societal worker with cognition of grownup protection and hazard may hold supported this. Many grownups, peculiarly those with learning troubles are capable to multiple subjugations, likely to populate in poorness and be exceptionally socially excluded ( Flynn, 2007 ; p. 21 ) . Awareness of this possible impact is indispensable to the function of societal work, and one could reason that without cognition and preparation of anti-oppressive pattern ( AOP ) , unqualified practicians are at hazard of appraisals which may be insensitive but besides damaging to both their relationship and to the service user s results ( Laird, 2007 ) . Jupp ( 2005 ) states that appraisal must be a procedure of alteration with the service user at the Centre ; necessitating practicians to hold an apprehension of how the impact of power instabilities. However, given service user demands are efficaciously graded utilizing the Fair Access of Care Services protocols ( DOH, 2010 ) ; the procedure can be disempowering, potentially perpetuate feelings of subjugation and appear contrary to AOP values ( Braye and Preston-Shoot, 2003 ) . The decease of JK , a 76 adult female who lived on her ain in Cornwall prompted a serious instance reappraisal which found two nucleus appraisals were undertaken by unqualified staff despite assorted wellness and societal demands which would inherently do appraisal more challenging ( SCR, 2009 ) . While the National Framework for Older Peoples ( 2001 ) provinces risk can be self-determined ; JK s workers were reported as baffled between pick and hazard despite concerns being raised by her household sing exposure, hazard of fiscal development and the conditions at her place which were reported to be both unhygienic and insecure. A qualified worker with the accomplishments and cognition of identifying and measuring hazard and apprehension of safeguarding processs possibly would hold initiated processs for safeguarding every bit, while JK possesses the right to remain at place, she is at hazard by virtuousness of possible fiscal maltreatment reported. However, despite contact with un qualified workers, hazards were non considered and safeguarding processs non initiated in line with protocol ( DH, 2000 ; DH, 2001 ) . It is of import that societal workers operate a two manner duologue, listening to and understanding service user positions every bit good as pass oning comprehension of the client s wants and feelings without doing premises about depleted capacity ( Richards, 2000 ) . However, while there were no reported concerns in relation to a capacity, appraisal was non undertaken by a appropriately qualified worker therefore, whilst JK wished to stay at place, it would hold been the duty of a qualified worker to guarantee that she understood the effects of these determinations ( DOH, 2005 ) . Bing person-centred in appraisal is of import when working with older people and Smale and Tuson ( 1993 ) discourse the usage of an exchange theoretical account as the default place in appraisal as it assumes the service user, justly, as the expert in their life. Knowledge of such theoretical accounts and theories are taught in societal work instruction and have added value in pattern with older people as practicians face extra struggle as older people s relationships with services can frequently be negative ; linked to neglecting wellness ( mentally and physically ) , poorness and old age ( Richards, 2000 ) . While Puting Peoples foremost ( DH, 2007 ) asks that control is passed back to service users, appraisal can hence be associated with farther loss of independency and considered something to fear intending societal workers must be cognizant of the potentially detrimental impact this may hold on power kineticss ( Kaufman, 1994 ; Seale, 1996 ) . Morrow-Howell ( 1992 ) raises conc erns that unqualified workers can overlook of import issues sing older people, and a qualified worker with apprehension of Ecological Theory may hold recognised the importance of JK s isolation and limited micro-systems interaction on her wellbeing. As such they may hold capitalised on strong familial bonds and back uping visits to from household and to community Centres ( Bronfenbrenner, 1979 ; Greene and Watkins, 1998 ) . While JK was recognised as disputing to prosecute, appraisal can function as an intercession itself ( Mellor and Soloman, 1992 ) and offered an chance to speak which can back up a narrative which enables self-problem resolution and katharsis ( Blaug, 1995 ) . Whilst non ever easy ( Birchall and Simmonds, 2004 ) , a qualified societal worker may hold been better equipt to cover with JK disputing behavior and reluctance to prosecute by utilizing their interpersonal accomplishments to suitably disputing, show sensitiveness, regard and positive respect and guarantee positive and synergistic organic structure linguistic communication through eyes contact and active hearing which reflect accomplishments gained through prosecuting service user faculties in societal work preparation ( Egan, 1986 ) . Supplying older people the services and safety they require necessitates a professional and caring substructure which promotes information sharing and professional treatment nevertheless, Manthorpe and Martineau ( 2011 ) indicate that the bulk of serious instance reviews place shortages in interagency communicating and a deficiency of lucidity as to take bureau as common topographic point despite inclusion in No Secrets ( Penhale et Al, 2007 ; 2000 ) . JK s serious instance reappraisal indicates that referrals were non acknowledged and a deficiency of ownership or lead professional ; assessors hence should hold used the relevant policies including Single appraisal procedure ( DH, 2003b ) ; local safeguarding processs, Mental Capacity Act ( 2005 ) and terminal of life programs which would hold both indicated bureau answerability and potentially afforded JK a more dignified decease by consideration of alleviative attention during her last four hebdomads when her wellness deteriorated. A recent study undertaken by Community Care ( 2010 ) found that, of people asked ; 42 % of appraisals were undertaken by unqualified societal workers. Such determinations have been justified on the premiss that this allows qualified workers to concentrate on more complex affairs proposing a reactive, instead than proactive attack to societal work with grownups ( Barclay, 1982 ; Dickens, 2010 ) . Indeed, while the Single Assessment Process ( DH, 2003b ) provinces that assessment must be carried out by a competent, trained professional regardless of qualified position, appraisal requires practicians to do of import opinions which can hold life-changing deductions for service users. It is hence becomes amongst the most ambitious countries of societal work, necessitating accomplishments and cognition which derive from experience and preparation ( Coulshed and Orme, 2006 ) . Despite this, with moves to call-centre manner responsibility squads where unqualified workers are routinely the p oint of first contact for referral, the importance of appraisal is at hazard of being undermined ( McGregor, 2010 ) While it could be argued that such accomplishments, values and cognition discussed in this assignment could be maintained by unqualified staff, there are unimpeachably certain countries of strength which qualified societal worker possess. Nolan et Al, ( 2001 ) discourse how appraisals can be as compromised by resources as by limited cognition and accomplishments hence, while unqualified societal workers may be called on to measure to free up qualified staff, there is a demand to protect the professional nature of societal work, which means guaranting that those who complete appraisals have sufficient preparation that they are able to be held accountable without being scapegoated ( Dustin, 2007 ) . Therefore, while unqualified societal workers do non inherently lack the accomplishments, cognition and values per sae ; without the degree of preparation, ability to reflect, supervising and answerability required by societal work organic structures, unqualified workers themselves are th e 1s who are vulnerable and as such it can be argued that all the same force per unit areas and duty of qualified workers should non be expected of them, which possibly validates the place that appraisals should be carried out by qualified societal workers.

Cold Mountain essays

Cold Mountain essays Written from a third person, perspective point of view, Cold Mountain is a novel that depicts the themes of self-determination, undying love, generosity, and self-reliance, several themes that are found in society. Author Charles Frazier creates the characters of Ada and Inman to take on a quest of self-discovery as they live through the aftermath of the Civil War and try hopelessly to move on and hopefully find their way back to a love they had in the past. Frazier begins the novel by introducing Inman, who is wounded and goes AWOL from a military hospital to begin a journey back to his love Ada. Soon thereafter, Ada is introduced, an attractive, educated girl, she is left alone when her father dies and must learn how to cope with her feelings and become self-reliant and move on with her life. The novel is the story of Inmans journey back to Ada, and the many encounters she and he witness along the way. The various people and circumstances that Inman and Ada encounter in their journey procreate several emotional responses that contribute to the several themes of the book. In the beginning of the story, Ada recollects the time when her father was ill with tuberculosis and dies, this sets much of the plot and will contribute to Adas role in the novel. Ada felt as if she had been abandoned and stranded alone. The farm that she lives on is falling into disrepair and she does not have any insight on how to fix or maintain it. This particular situation relates to the theme of self-reliance and self-determination because Ada must learn to live on her own and not rely on other individuals for support. Eventually, with some help from a woman named Ruby, Ada slowly begins to make reparations on the farm and continue on with her life. Inman confronts a number of different individuals amid his return to Ada, however one distinct occurrence with a woman named Sara results in violence. Sara has fed, housed, and clothed ...

Organizational Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Organizational Behaviour - Essay Example The organisational structure has an essential impact on the organisational behaviour due to its contribution in the view of the members of the organisation (Kumar and Mittal 5). The organisational structure is defined by the ‘system of task, reporting, and authority relationships within the organisation’ with the purpose of coordinating the operations and process based on the mission, vision and goals (Griffin and Moorhead 407). Within these stages and steps, the organisational behaviours of the employee and the leaders play an essential and crucial role. The main purpose of the establishment of organisational structure is to be able to have an efficient, methodical and orderly accomplishment of goals to be able to achieve end results e.g. production of goods or provision of services. There are different factors included in the structure of the organization such as the type of leadership, the division of labour and the coordination of the different actions and processes undertaken within the system. One example that can be viewed is the production of computers in the Dell Company. Without the proper organisational structure, either the production of computers will be a failure or the thousands of employees will build their own computers and sell them. In such a scenario, the cost efficiency would never be achieved due to high labour and production costs (Griffin and Moorhead 407). Basically, a structured organisation enables efficient work that can ensure achievement of goals. Upon the determination of the determination of the meaning of organisational structure, the next step is the determination of the implications related to these challenges. In the case of the organisational structure, there are different issues that can affect the company specifically on the basis of organisational behaviour. In the contemporary era, one of the issues being faced by organisations is the international competitiveness on the basis of globalisation. This is a cha llenge specifically for the highly complex global organisations. This entails a very specific protocol and rules on the division of labour of the members of the organisation as well as the coordination of every unit especially since the operating units can be separated by territorial, cultural and social boundaries. Examples of such organisations are the Philips of Netherlands and the General Motors. These companies originated from different countries but due to transnational organisational structure, they cater to nations around the world (Daft 237). In these types of organizations, the organisational behaviour is important in every aspect of the operation. In the different units located in other countries, a common method used is the adaptation to the local cultures to be able to successful accomplishment of goals. Intrinsic organisational behaviour is comparatively more basic, such as dedication to the mission, vision and goals, and cooperation to other members of the organisatio n. Organisational Culture Organisational culture can be defined as the core values of as organisation and the collective view, perspective and course of action of the whole organization. It is also the manner and quality by which the members of the organisation work. Thus, organisational culture is directly related organisational behaviour since the individual attitude and behaviour of a worker is influenced by the prevailing culture within the organisation

Procurement process_3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Procurement process_3 - Essay Example professionals require constantly monitoring the employees with the aim of ensuring employees’ safety, developing immigration laws and employment tax based regulations. In addition, the professionals are also required to be equipped with broader decision making capabilities so that they can make effective decisions in order to mitigate the risks attached with employee deployment (Krell, 2012). In the present changing business scenario, business professionals are required to identify risks that are associated with management and deployment of human resources (HR) in terms of monitoring the operations of the employees relating to their temporary along with permanent assignments. In this respect, the mobility professionals recognise HR risks by constantly monitoring the activities of the employees for the purpose of mitigating unfavourable impacts in relation to security as well as logistics, family dynamics and effects of cost cutting. In order to address the HR risks, the mobility professionals should possess adequate knowledge along with expertise on different grounds that include financial acumen, immigration law, importance of preserving effective employee relation and knowledge of taxation among others. The two key criteria in accordance with which professionals should evaluate family issues posed by personnel include decision making and business needs (Cascio, 2010). In relation to determine the effect of poor project screening methods, the provided article signified that this particular method unfavourably affected the operations along with the performances of business organisations. This might be owing to the reason that ineffective screening methods lead towards inappropriate management of employees, which eventually results in higher employee turnover. This could be regarded as one of the imperative aspects, which demonstrated by the provided article concerning the effect of poor project screening methods on a firm’s ability to manage employees