Family health assessment - 1382 Words

Family Health Assessment Grand Canyon University: NRS-429 November 24, 2013 Family Health Assessment As nurses it is essential to use appropriate tools to assess individuals, families, and communities. Throughout this paper the writer used The Gordon’s 11 Functional Health Patterns as a guide to assess a family. This family included a mother, a father, one son, four daughters, and two grandsons. The writer developed two to three open minded, family focused questions for each of the 11 functional health patterns. In this paper the writer summarizes the findings of each functional health patterns of the family, and identifies three wellness nursing diagnoses based on the family assessment. The family being†¦show more content†¦It is important to for the family to have a well balanced diet. According to the My Plate food guide half of a meal plate should be fruits and vegetables with the vegetable portion slightly larger, and the other half grains and protein with the grain potion slightly bigger than the protein portion, there also needs to be a side of dairy (Kids Health, 2013). The next wellness nursing diagnosis appropriate for this family would be readiness for enhanced activity–exercise pattern. According to the family assessment, this family does not exercise daily. It is recommended that children and adolescents should do 1 hour or more of physical activity daily (Kids Health, 2013). It is highly important for this family to work on increasing their activity to prevent complications in the future, such as heart disease, and obesity. For the two daughters that have asthma, they should increase their exercise slowly, and should use their prescribed inhalers before activity. It is essential that this particular family work on their nutrition and exercise patterns to become a healthy family. This family needs to work on their nutrition and exercise as well as their coping mechanisms. Lastly, another nursing diagnosis for this family would be readiness for enhanced family coping due to their father’s current illness. This family’s life changeShow MoreRelatedFamily Health Assessment : Family Assessment Essay1469 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Health Assessment Family is so important in the society and it is a blessing from God. Healthy behaviors learn from within the family and family member’s stimulus one to each other with health promotion practices. There fore, the health behaviors are very essential in the family assessment and which notifies health-promotion and disease-prevention. Within families, members will be the first one to learn about to promoting health. Families have impact on children’s lifestyle choices. The AmericanRead MoreFamily Health Assessment : Family Assessment1884 Words   |  8 Pages Family Health Assessment The family assessment involves a simultaneous data collection on individual family members or if able the whole family. The nurses and other healthcare professionals interview individuals and family as a whole to understand and assess the health of the family. This interview help professionals detecting the possible origin or factors contributes to the family’s health problems. The Gordon’s functional health pattern will be used as a model to collect and organizeRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1252 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Health Assessment A family health assessment is an important tool in formulating a health care plan for a family. This paper will discuss the nurse’s role in family assessment and how this task is performed. A nurse has an important role in health promotion. To perform these tasks the author has chosen a nuclear family. By the use of family focused open ended questions, 11 functional health patterns were covered. This principle is known as the Gordon’s functional health patterns.Read MoreFamily Health Assessment1375 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Health Assessment Using Gordon’s functional health patterns to assess a family will guide the nurse in developing a comprehensive nursing assessment that is holistic in nature. Gordon’s functional health patterns are founded on 11 principles that are incorporated within the nursing practice. These 11 principles serve as a framework for a thorough nursing assessment in which to build a holistic and individual family care plan (Grand Canyon University, 2011). The author has developed family-focusedRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1150 Words   |  5 Pagesremember the family has an important role in the paradigm of health promotion for the patient. The roles in which the family plays in assisting the patient and providing care are crucial to the health of the patient and the well being of the family as a whole. One tool to assess not only a patient and their views on different aspects of health, but an entire family or even community is Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns. This as sessment tool incorporates eleven topics of health patterns. Health patternsRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1461 Words   |  6 PagesHeritage Assessment: Evaluation of families, cultures and views on health Anniemae Stubbs Grand Canyon University Culture and Cultural Competency in Health Promotion NURS 429 Professor Alma Celaya June 19, 2016 Heritage Assessment: Evaluation of families , cultures and views on health Cultural Heritage is a concept that is passed on from one generation to the next that depicts how people live, act, behave, or think. It can be a noticeable or vague manifestation. It includes various customsRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1085 Words   |  5 PagesFAMILY HEALTH ASSESSMENT This assessment was conducted after interviewing the Nelson family using Gordon’s functional health pattern. Marjorie Gordon developed a method to be used by nurses in the nursing process to provide a comprehensive nursing assessment. It includes eleven principles for the collection of data and helps the nurse identify two or more wellness nursing diagnoses. It is a systematic and standardized approach to data collection (â€Å"functional health† n.d.)Read MoreHealth Assessment Of Families And Their Health1399 Words   |  6 PagesHealth is directly related to the activities in which we participate in, the food we eat, and the substances to which we are exposed to daily. Where we live and work, our gender, age, and genetic makeup also impact our health. (Nies, 2011) Assessments of family’s health are to help focus on the control and prevention of diseases. Health assessment assist in determining an individual’s perception of their quality of life along with the family’s perception as a whole. This also helps to define a person’sRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1465 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Health Assessment Family health and wellness can be influenced by many factors such as society, culture, religion, and family members. Somehow, society, culture, religion and families are connected to each other. To understand an individual, it’s important to understand the family system of an individual. Health practices, whether effective or ineffective, are activities performed by individuals or families as a whole to promote health and prevent disease (Edelman, 2010). A family healthRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1537 Words   |  7 PagesFamily Health Assessment Melody Moore Grand Canyon University NRS-429V Instructor: Renita Holmes May 10th 2013 Family Health Assessment A comprehensive family assessment provides a foundation to promote family health (Edelmanamp;Mandle, 2011).Gordon’s functional health patterns is a method developed by Marjorie Gordon in 1987 in which she proposed functional health patterns as a guide to establishing a comprehensive data base.(Kriegleramp;Harton,1992).Gordon’s eleven functional health

The Breakthrough Invention Television - 1122 Words

Meryll Boncato Ms Brown ELA A30 April 6, 2015 The Breakthrough Invention: Television A world without knowing what is happening is an unknown world. Hundreds of years before, people were living not perceiving the happenings all over the globe. It is indeed a very disturbing thing that turns people to be innocent or unconscious of the real world. However, through a great and brilliant Canadian mind, television is finally invented. Reginald Fessenden, a Quebec-born inventor, was one of the many discoverers who invented television. In fact, the first television set in North America was patented by him in the year 1919 (www.connectedrogersca). With over 500 patents to his name, including pioneering breakthroughs in sonar and radio, Fessenden came up with this ground-breaking idea by lying on the carpet with a cat on his chest (www.connectedrogersca). Clive James once said, â€Å"Anyone afraid of what he thinks television does to the world is probably just afraid of the world† (www.famous-quotes.com). According to that, Clive portrays television as a powerful key t o unraveling the secrets of the entire nation - either negative or positive. Although viewers have access to a plethora of both appropriate and inapplicable TV content, television’s positive impacts to the world are more prevalent. Indeed, through this breakthrough invention, television serves as an education tool for children, a guiding voice to people, a revelator of new ideas and information, and most notably, a means ofShow MoreRelatedThe Invention of Television and Its Effects on Society1476 Words   |  6 Pages They go to work, come home and make dinner, and sit down and watch some television. For kids it would be to come home from school, and watch television. Television has become a major power in our culture. It is our way to watch the news, hear the weather forecast, and to sit down and relax watching our favorite show or movie. But is the television really that good for our society? In 1884 the first ideas of the television came to an inventor by the name of Paul Nipkow. It was called the scanningRead MoreThe History of Television Essay1441 Words   |  6 PagesAmericans today go home and flip on the television, but many do not take the time to think about the complexity of this great invention that is common to us. Nearly sixty years ago television barely existed and was not thought to be used as a broad communicator like it is used in today’s generation. Through its starting, stopping, then restarting in the 1940’s, television took off and expanded greatly in just a few short decades and had great technological breakthroughs to allow it a widespread range ofRead MoreThe History of Television Essay1473 Words   |  6 PagesHistory of television and its influence on people lives. How did television revolutionize the world? TV, more commonly known as ‘television’ is one of the greatest inventions of the 20th century. In ancient Greek tà ¨le means ‘far, and in Latin visio means sight. From my perspective and many people of the world television has changed the way we live. Television has brought many amazing things, however nothing is perfect. Television sets were commercially available since the late 1920s but in veryRead MoreInvention and Inlfuence of the Microscope Essay798 Words   |  4 Pages The topic for my essay is going to talking about Chemistry and Technology, and has a focused on the invention and influence on the microscope. Chemistry has helped people look at technology in a different way, such as by the way we use it and how easy it is to find data faster. Technology has also changed Chemistry several ways. Some examples are finding new viruses and finding cures to prevent diseases from spreading around the world and. The microscope has been a very important partRead MoreEssay on Inventions and Discoveries of the 1960’s1605 Words   |  7 PagesInventions and Discoveries of the 1960’s The 1960’s era was a time period notorious for its technology and innovation. This particular era of time was booming with creativity. People started to venture outside of the traditional mindset established by their elders, and the new generation made a great impact on the American lifestyle. The original models of these creations have been modified into complex designs, yet as we strive for perfection, we still use these revolutionary concepts. LikeRead MoreThe 1920s and the Foundations of Today Essay examples1578 Words   |  7 Pagesexemplified a new era of wealth, prosperity, and change. The 1920s were a time of social changes, cultural conflicts, and political change. New ways of life, including the flapper lifestyle, played a big role in shaping the new generation. Machines and inventions fabricated more free time, while simultaneously higher wages were a result of the expanding prosperity. However, this prosperity brought downsides and corruption. For examp le, alcohol was prohibited in the 1920s. Many who opposed this law wentRead MoreThe Roaring Twenties Essay979 Words   |  4 PagesVictorian nation had transformed into a vibrant, modernized America. Often called â€Å"The Roaring Twenties†, this time featured the famous slicked back hair, vibrant Flappers, and of course, marathon dances. From inflated economics to unprecedented invention, forces collided to produce the most explosive decade of the century. â€Å"The Roaring Twenties† encapsulates a captivating story that began with the return of young soldiers from the front of World War I. Those who had once courageously sacrificedRead MoreTechnology Changing the Workforce835 Words   |  4 Pagestechnological breakthroughs emerging on a regular basis, the way we view employment has changed drastically compared to those of years before us. Dating back to the 1400s, Johan Gutenberg revolutionized the world as we know it today by developing the printing press. Today, we take such things for granted but it is writing that makes it possible to spread knowledge, communication, and ideas over such a wide body of population. With the amazing developing of print, other inventions began emergingRead MoreThe Invention Of Willis Carrier1738 Words   |  7 PagesName Instructor Course Date Willis carrier The invention of Willis Carrier is timeless and a major breakthrough in the engineering field. The air conditioner is applied almost in all engineering systems like computers, vehicles, factories and all machines where heat is involved. Conditioners are also applied in domestic homes and institutions like hotels and hospitals. It is, therefore, evident that this invention has created a revolution in the present working environment and so deserves greatRead MoreHow Instructional Technology Has Evolved Into What Is Defined As 21st Technology?1033 Words   |  5 Pagesto search for the â€Å"whys† in science, the visual instruction movement began in the 1800s with the invention of the Magic Lantern (Shteynberg, 2009). The invention of the camera created a visual in the sense that an imagine could be transferred through a lens and saved. This opened the path for the telegraph and telephone in the way they learned how to transmit the spoken language. By the 1920s, television mad e its introduction be infusing both technologies. Computer technology, the pre-microcomputer

Deaf Alcoholics Essay Example For Students

Deaf Alcoholics Essay Why is it so hard for the deaf to deal with admitting they are alcoholics ordrug addicts which is an impediment for recovery? Why is it so hard for them tostay sober once they have achieved it for a few weeks or months? What do youthink the main reasons are? Having worked with the deaf for over 30 years I willtry to answer these questions and research other aspects of the deaf culture,their mode of communication and alcoholism. Although it may seem thatcommunication is an aspect of every culture, two of the unique features are thatthere is not always a common language between parents and child, and there is nowritten form of the language. Thus, the deaf culture becomes unique, and throughthis uniqueness, they become isolated both from their peers and the hearingpopulation. According to Marie Egert Rendon in her article, Deaf and Alcohol andSubstance Abuse Substance abuse is a sensitive issue about which the deafcommunity does not yet feel comfortable talking. For many with in the com munity,it remains a moral issue; the denial of pathological drinking is very strong.(Rendon, 1992) Isolation is a well-known stressor and the denial of alcohol usein the family unit has long existed in the deaf community. The family structuresand the cohesiveness of the family in their form of communications is a factorthat must be considered. The deaf have had limited or strained access to theirown cultural rights. They have been denied the right to their own language,their own community groups, and even have limited access to the majority culturebecause of communication barriers. Because of the sense of oppression, isolationhas perpetuated the denial process. In addition, language, family, friendships,and services available to the deaf culture and native language have manyinnuendoes. Since the deaf culture is built around the language that the deafpeople use- American Sign Language (ASL)- the culture is rarely accessible tothe hearing world, due to the difficulty of mastering ASL. (Rendon, 1992)Family communication includes several dimensions, among them the mode, contentand structure of communication. Mode of communication is frequently raised indiscussions about communication within families having a deaf member. Communication mode use refers to the use of speech, sign, or some other methodof face- to-face communication. (Kluwin, 1990) Because of these barriers andother misunderstandings, alcohol and drug recovery treatment programs remaininaccessible. In addition to the recognition of communication difficulties,alcohol and drug service providers need to be acknowledgeable about deafcultures, sensitive to the deaf issues, and aware of preferred methods ofcommunication, including the use of interpreters, both in treatment programs andin recovery groups. (Luetke-Stahlman, 1994) One of the biggest problems is thatthe deaf do not have sobriety long enough to be of help to other deaf people. Although that is beginning to change most are still dependent on the hearing toa degree. As the years go on the length of sobriety continues to grow. Theproblem of alcohol and substance abuse in the deaf community is a reality. Theculture of the deaf often provides a shelter and a barrier to recovery byencouraging isolation and denial. Little by little, information and educationare bringing members of the deaf community into treatment programs and, thus,the cycle of repeated alcoholism can be broken. There are treatment programsthat are specifically designed to serve the deaf, and there are programs thathave some services for the deaf. However, this breaking down of the isolationand denial barriers requires continued efforts on behalf of a community alreadystretched to its limits. The deaf alcoholic or drug-addicted individual canachieve recovery only when advocacy promoting and achieving accessibility is thereality and not the rarity. When the deaf community openly admits thatregard less of culture, race, or creed, alcoholism and drug abuse affects allcultures and that recovery is a right for everyone. It is not a stigma, and itis definitely not a moral issue. This is a lesson we need to be aware of and beof service to the deaf population. There are many more AA groups in the greaterLos Angeles area today than ever before. The deaf community is still somewhatuntrusting of the hearing community even in the closeness of the AlcoholicAnonymous home groups. It has been my experience that the deaf meeting that havebeen held for the deaf only have not faired as well as the meeting with moresobriety and with a regular ASL interpreter. There are still not enough meetingsas the hearing, but great improvements are being made. .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895 , .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895 .postImageUrl , .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895 , .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895:hover , .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895:visited , .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895:active { border:0!important; } .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895:active , .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895 .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u635ec0bcdb715186aa713b677daf2895:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: American Drug Abuse EssayBibliographyRendon, M., (1992) Deaf Culture and Alcohol and Substance Abuse. Journal ofSubstance Abuse. Vol. 9, pp. 103-110 Kluwin, T., (1990) Communication inFostering Cohesion in Families with the Deaf. Journal of American Annals of theDeaf. Vol. 139, No. 3 Luetke-Stahlman, B. (1994) Social Interactions with Regardto Students who are Deaf. Journal of the American Annals of the Deaf. Vol. 140,No. 3 Duff, J., (1981) The Truth About Drugs. Los Angeles, California: BridgePublications, Inc.

The Fingerprints of Synth Pop as a Genre Essay Example

The Fingerprints of Synth Pop as a Genre Essay The Fingerprints of Synth Pop as a Genre Synth Pop is a genre that uses synthesizers to recreate the sounds of real audio instruments without actually having the instrument there; or in some cases do not even try to sound natural but as computerized as possible. Synthesizers were first used in the 1960s by rock bands and in the late 1970s by punk bands. Also in the late 1970s going into the early 1980s, synth only bands began to come out and created a whole new style, genre and generation of music. In the 1960s when synthesizers first began to be used, they were used to recreate audio instruments and were not used as a new style of music in its entirety but instead as an addition to what music was already around at the time. At this time it was used by bands such as The Doors and The Beatles, who used a synthesizer in their song that reached the top of the charts Strawberry Fields Forever. At this time synthesizers were very new, very large and very expensive; this meant that it was rarely used because of its price and was very hard to transport because of its size. We will write a custom essay sample on The Fingerprints of Synth Pop as a Genre specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Fingerprints of Synth Pop as a Genre specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Fingerprints of Synth Pop as a Genre specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This showed the 60s as not being a time that was ready for synthesizers to dominate the music scene. Synth Pop is a genre that is securely defined, with its electronic sounds produced by synthesizers it gives off a recognizable sound. Originally made to replace instruments, but later turned into its own unique timbres that showed no natural elements at all. Music from a synthesizer gets its input from a MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) keyboard. Synth Pop when first developed as an individual genre sampled simplistic melodies that gave synth its catchy sound, but it still contained the typical song structure that was seen at the time with: Intro, Verse, Chorus, Re-Intro, Verse, Chorus, Instrumental, Chorus. Synth tracks tend to be primarily in diatonic keys, which is use of major and minor chords. They usually have four beats per bar in the songs and are typically upbeat with tempos ranging from 117 and 135 bpm (beats per minute). The synth timbres are sculpted using subtractive and additive synthesis involving complex combinations sine, saw, triangle and square waves, with the additional specific alteration of sound envelopes (ADSR). Some typical features in synth songs are drum machines, arpeggiated synth lines, use of auto-tune/vocoder, handclaps for snares. synth bass lines, syncopated kick drums, use of reverb, songs maintaing the same velocity levels throughout and songs that were lyrically centered around love, but did occasionally have darker meanings to them. The genre came about at a time of great modernization, especially in Britain. As old victorian infrastructures were knocked down and replaced with new modern buildings and cities were developed, music was also modernizing itself, the synth pop era came about. Although it did not come out of no where, synth pop was inspired by the earlier generation of music, punk. The soon to become synthesist musicians looked at the punk rock genre and appreciated the rebellious attitude that it carried with it, but however, saw the actual punk music as being old fashioned and with the increasing popularity and availability of synthesizers, decided to create a new genre of music changing all of music current conventions. The sound of the synthesizer was now seen as the sound of the future, it was something different that people had never heard before, purely electronically generated music, and this sense of unfamiliarity that people had with the music is what made it attract to its audience. Music was now going from classic rock with guitar solos, to performances with nothing more than synthesizers and drum machines up on stage with no natural instruments in site. So as a genre synth pop started in the 70s and blossomed in the 80s. The first electronic sounds heard came from the Clockwork Orange Soundtrack, this soundtrack instigated a whole new generation of synthesists. The German band Kraftwerk was one of the first groups to popularize synth music, especially in the UK. The kick-started a whole new style and were the people who broke away from the 80s style of long hair and flared trousers. They came over to England performing in suits and with short hair, which was of course looked on skeptically, but was also seen as a breath of fresh air, breaking away from the current punk rock conformities that pretty much ruled the nation. A more nerdy form of rebellion that proved to inspire much music after its time and have lasting affect across all types of genres. Other artists as well as Kraftwerk that had major influences on the genre and music in general at this time were musicians such as: Giorgio Moroder, who teamed up with Donna Summer to release single I feel love in 1977, this was primarily a disco song but again kick-started the electronic sound that people became so fond of; The Human League from Sheffield who debuted with single Being Boiled in 1978 and also Gary Numan, who actually inspired Kraftwerk. Artists such as: Pet Shop Boys, Frankie Goes to Hollywood, Aha and Goldfrapp also followed in the 1980s. In the 1980s Synth Pop took over the music scene, but was seen to die out in the nineties and going into the 21st century, although not dying out completely. Although the genre decreasing in popularity in later years, it didnt effect the influence that the genre had carried with it in its time. It had added aspects to music that now affect the majority if not all types of music and has shaped other genres to form. As time went on from the 60s, 70s and 80s synthesizers became much cheaper, smaller and more widely used; eventually resulting with the extinguishing of the need for a synthesizer all together. Nowadays all you need is the right software and a MIDI keyboard and you can still program in any sounds that you like, with software such as: Cubase, Logic, Ableton and Reason. Since the genres decreasing in popularity it has largely affected other genres that came after synth pop, such as: RB, Hip Hop, Dance and modern day pop; all of these genres use aspects of synth sounds in their music. Synth music is still around, but in most cases has taken a different direction to what it was back in the 1980s with artists such as: Owl City, Ambient Blue, Imogen Heap, Frou Frou and La Roux. These artists still carry the majority of the traits left by 80s synth pop but have made themselves relevant to todays audience; synth pop has had a profound effect on the music we listen to today and it always will do as music progresses over time. The Fingerprints of Synth Pop as a Genre Essay Example The Fingerprints of Synth Pop as a Genre Essay The Fingerprints of Synth Pop as a Genre Synth Pop is a genre that uses synthesizers to recreate the sounds of real audio instruments without actually having the instrument there; or in some cases do not even try to sound natural but as computerized as possible. Synthesizers were first used in the 1960s by rock bands and in the late 1970s by punk bands. Also in the late 1970s going into the early 1980s, synth only bands began to come out and created a whole new style, genre and generation of music. In the 1960s when synthesizers first began to be used, they were used to recreate audio instruments and were not used as a new style of music in its entirety but instead as an addition to what music was already around at the time. At this time it was used by bands such as The Doors and The Beatles, who used a synthesizer in their song that reached the top of the charts Strawberry Fields Forever. At this time synthesizers were very new, very large and very expensive; this meant that it was rarely used because of its price and was very hard to transport because of its size. We will write a custom essay sample on The Fingerprints of Synth Pop as a Genre specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Fingerprints of Synth Pop as a Genre specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Fingerprints of Synth Pop as a Genre specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This showed the 60s as not being a time that was ready for synthesizers to dominate the music scene. Synth Pop is a genre that is securely defined, with its electronic sounds produced by synthesizers it gives off a recognizable sound. Originally made to replace instruments, but later turned into its own unique timbres that showed no natural elements at all. Music from a synthesizer gets its input from a MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) keyboard. Synth Pop when first developed as an individual genre sampled simplistic melodies that gave synth its catchy sound, but it still contained the typical song structure that was seen at the time with: Intro, Verse, Chorus, Re-Intro, Verse, Chorus, Instrumental, Chorus. Synth tracks tend to be primarily in diatonic keys, which is use of major and minor chords. They usually have four beats per bar in the songs and are typically upbeat with tempos ranging from 117 and 135 bpm (beats per minute). The synth timbres are sculpted using subtractive and additive synthesis involving complex combinations sine, saw, triangle and square waves, with the additional specific alteration of sound envelopes (ADSR). Some typical features in synth songs are drum machines, arpeggiated synth lines, use of auto-tune/vocoder, handclaps for snares. synth bass lines, syncopated kick drums, use of reverb, songs maintaing the same velocity levels throughout and songs that were lyrically centered around love, but did occasionally have darker meanings to them. The genre came about at a time of great modernization, especially in Britain. As old victorian infrastructures were knocked down and replaced with new modern buildings and cities were developed, music was also modernizing itself, the synth pop era came about. Although it did not come out of no where, synth pop was inspired by the earlier generation of music, punk. The soon to become synthesist musicians looked at the punk rock genre and appreciated the rebellious attitude that it carried with it, but however, saw the actual punk music as being old fashioned and with the increasing popularity and availability of synthesizers, decided to create a new genre of music changing all of music current conventions. The sound of the synthesizer was now seen as the sound of the future, it was something different that people had never heard before, purely electronically generated music, and this sense of unfamiliarity that people had with the music is what made it attract to its audience. Music was now going from classic rock with guitar solos, to performances with nothing more than synthesizers and drum machines up on stage with no natural instruments in site. So as a genre synth pop started in the 70s and blossomed in the 80s. The first electronic sounds heard came from the Clockwork Orange Soundtrack, this soundtrack instigated a whole new generation of synthesists. The German band Kraftwerk was one of the first groups to popularize synth music, especially in the UK. The kick-started a whole new style and were the people who broke away from the 80s style of long hair and flared trousers. They came over to England performing in suits and with short hair, which was of course looked on skeptically, but was also seen as a breath of fresh air, breaking away from the current punk rock conformities that pretty much ruled the nation. A more nerdy form of rebellion that proved to inspire much music after its time and have lasting affect across all types of genres. Other artists as well as Kraftwerk that had major influences on the genre and music in general at this time were musicians such as: Giorgio Moroder, who teamed up with Donna Summer to release single I feel love in 1977, this was primarily a disco song but again kick-started the electronic sound that people became so fond of; The Human League from Sheffield who debuted with single Being Boiled in 1978 and also Gary Numan, who actually inspired Kraftwerk. Artists such as: Pet Shop Boys, Frankie Goes to Hollywood, Aha and Goldfrapp also followed in the 1980s. In the 1980s Synth Pop took over the music scene, but was seen to die out in the nineties and going into the 21st century, although not dying out completely. Although the genre decreasing in popularity in later years, it didnt effect the influence that the genre had carried with it in its time. It had added aspects to music that now affect the majority if not all types of music and has shaped other genres to form. As time went on from the 60s, 70s and 80s synthesizers became much cheaper, smaller and more widely used; eventually resulting with the extinguishing of the need for a synthesizer all together. Nowadays all you need is the right software and a MIDI keyboard and you can still program in any sounds that you like, with software such as: Cubase, Logic, Ableton and Reason. Since the genres decreasing in popularity it has largely affected other genres that came after synth pop, such as: RB, Hip Hop, Dance and modern day pop; all of these genres use aspects of synth sounds in their music. Synth music is still around, but in most cases has taken a different direction to what it was back in the 1980s with artists such as: Owl City, Ambient Blue, Imogen Heap, Frou Frou and La Roux. These artists still carry the majority of the traits left by 80s synth pop but have made themselves relevant to todays audience; synth pop has had a profound effect on the music we listen to today and it always will do as music progresses over time.

You Belong To Me Is Mary Higgins Clarks Fifteenth Novel. It Is About A

You Belong to Me is Mary Higgins Clark's fifteenth novel. It is about a young clinical psychologist named Dr. Susan Chandler who hosts a radio talk show. One day the topic of the show is lonely women who disappear and who are later discovered dead. She brings up one specific case of a lady named Regina Clausen. Another lady calls in the show and says she might have some information that might be useful to the case, but she wants to remain anonymous. Dr. Chandler tries to arrage a meeting with her, and she says she will probably not be able to come. That woman is shoved into a bus the next day and is seriously injured. The only witness that saw her get pushed is killed the next day. Dr. Chandler starts following the case, but every time she goes to talk to someone that might be able to give her some information, they are already dead. In the end, Susan is hot on the murderer's trail, but does not realize that she is going to be the next victim. The murderer turns out to be a guy Susan has been dating. He tries to suffocate her and leaves her to die. Another doctor friend of Susan's has also been paying attention to the case though, and he is worried about something happening to Susan. He finds her in her office before she suffocates, and they are able to have the police arrest the bad guy before he does any more damage. You Belong to Me is a superb thriller from one of the genre's all-time greats, Mary Higgins Clark. (Book Browser 1) Almost all critics had only good to say about Clark's work. No doube many readers have one or more Mary Higgins Clark novels set aside...and not just because she is one of the most popular large-print book authors or because her heroines always come out all right at the end. More likely it's because her novels fall into the classic Gothic Genre. (Hoopes 1) Another author commented, These inspiring novels will touch each and every heart. (Baker 2) This was definitely true of You Belong to Me. Ms. Clark still has the finesse to provide her myriad of fans with a top rate reading experience. (Book Browser 1) One critic commented on Clark's mystery writing magazine-To me it seems more geared toward supermarket checkout lines. But I thing it shows how popular mysteries are getting. (Detroit News 7) Story ideas, however, are one thing Mary Higgins Clark has plenty of. (Hoopes 2) Mary Higgins Clark has lived an extraordinary life. She made herself into something worthwhile from basically nothing, only because she worked hard for what she wanted. She proved that you can do whatever you want, if you want it bad enough. Clark definitely is a symbol of character, esteem, and perseverance, and her bestsellers are proof of it, if not her status as a favorite American author.

Bleeding Kansas, Book Review Essays

Bleeding Kansas, Book Review Essays Bleeding Kansas, Book Review Essays Civil War History 26 November, 2013 Bleeding Kansas: Contested Liberty in the Civil War Era (Nicole Etcheson) Bleeding Kansas is the term referring to the conflict on the Kansas-Missouri border as to whether the territory of Kansas was to be permitted as a proslavery state or an abolitionist state before and during the Civil War. This conflict was waged on the border-towns of both states and atrocities were committed by both parties. Missouri was to be a slave state based on the Missouri Compromise, which was formed to help alleviate the pressures of the rising slave question in the United States. When the Kansas-Nebraska Act was put into place, it gave the settlers of these two territories popular sovereignty as to whether they would become abolitionist or proslavery states. Bloodshed ensued when agreements could not be made on the position of the territory of Kansas in this debate. The Missouri Compromise was put into action to equal the number of slave and free states in the United States. From this compromise: Maine would become a free state, Missouri would become a slave state, and the Great Plains' territories would become free states (with the exception of the Arkansas Territory, which would become proslavery). It is said that the compromise withheld the United States from plunging into Civil War in 1820, until it was repealed with the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854. The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 gave the people of these two territories the right to decide the position of the states when they would be admitted into the United States. The passage of this act formed the Republican party who opposed the idea that the wealthy land/slave owners of the south could simply purchase land and vote accordingly to hold these â€Å"properties.† Abolitionists from the east poured into the state to quickly claim land, while Missourians who wanted the state to be proslavery did the same. Both factions claimed land before they even saw the soil, pointing out claims on a map. When they arrived, however, some claims were already made by the other party. The purpose of these claims were to gain a political advantage over the other to change the position of the state towards slavery via votes. Many Missourians laid four logs as a foundation of a house and returned to Missouri until after the Spring harvest, then would return to build. The population of the territory before the repeal of the Missouri Compromise was less than 800 people. Nine months after the Kansas-Nebraska Act came about, the population rose to over 8,000, many settling on the Kansas-Missouri border. The first governor of the Kansas territory was a Democrat named Andrew H. Reeder, appointed by President Andrew Pierce. He claimed that, in order to vote on the matter, you must live, and continue to live in Kansas even after the vote was decided. Reeder supported an election to elect someone to be represented in Congress, and J. W. Whitfield won by a landslide. The vote is said to have been biased because of the Missourian presence at ballot boxes and the deterring of abolitionists from voting by force. Abolitionists were outraged and feared rule by the Missourian proslavery â€Å"ruffians.† The next governor of the territory was Wilson Shannon, a former governor of Ohio. When Missourians came across the border to siege Lawrence (abolitionist town), Shannon gave the people of the area the right raise a militia to thwart off the attack. With aid from the winter cold they chased the Missourians out of Lawrence. The aggression/retreat of the Missourians at Lawrence was named, â€Å"the Wakarusa War.† It proved to the abolitionists of the state that they did not have to be repressed by the people of another state and could make the state a free state. Thomas Barber was credited as a martyr for the abolitionist cause, and made the

London ships of historic interest partnership Essay - 1

London ships of historic interest partnership - Essay Example From the fact that Britain is a maritime country, the income of most of the citizens is derived from maritime activity. The London’s ships partnership has a major obligation of increasing the maritime activity and the number of visitors coming to the country. This has to be done through enacting various strategies and ways. The partnership should make the whole world aware of the existence of the historic ships and the uniqueness in them. This paper will explore how the partnership can increase the global awareness of the uniqueness and existence of the historic ships in London, means and ways to tap into the market and PEST analysis in relation to the same. The paper is to explore the best marketing mix in international and global marketing especially during overseas expansion. The main objective is to identify the most appropriate international market place to target to ensure tourists are aware of the brand and will view the member vessels as must see attractions when they visit London. The subsidiary objectives are as stipulated below: Tourism is a major player in the economy of Britain with tourist coming from both local and international markets. This has boosted the economy of the country and efforts to increase the tourist volume are being put in place each and every day. The London ships of historic interest partnership being a major player has also implemented actions to increase awareness among the residents and foreigners of the tourism facilities available. This has boosted the tourism industry in a major way. International tourists are well informed of existence of the maritime tourism and are well aware of the kind of tourism facilities they are to view and interact with when they pay a visit to the city of London. There are various factors both internal and external that have contributed to the success of the organization in response to marine tourism. The coming

Poetry explication paper ( literture ) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Poetry explication paper ( literture ) - Essay Example Both the mother and the baby are anonymous throughout the poem. Going along with the rest of the poem, the father of the baby is also seldom mentioned, only in passing as the mother points out that he has no part in either of their lives. The mother spends much of the poem dwelling on the fact that her child is a bastard child, as is evident in the line â€Å"I hold you and name you bastard in my arms.† It is also made clear throughout the poem that the responding doctors and nurses do not approve of the fact that no father is being named for the child. Judging by the fact that the mother gets to spend only certain amounts of time with the infant, it can be assumed that there is an underlying medical factor with the mother, whether it be physical or mental. It seems that the mother only gets the child when the child needs feeding, a task the only the mother can perform. After the feeding is over with, the child is taken from its mother and is brought to another room until it n eeds feeding again. There are numerous dramatic situations taking place throughout the poem. The absence of a father for the infant seems to be the situation that the rest of the situations are formed and gathered around. As the tone of the poem is that of anger and sadness, it is clear that the father just decided that he wanted no part in raising a child, therefore abandoning both mother and child. It may be due to this abandonment that the mother does not seem too attached to her newborn child, which may also be the reason that the mother does not get to spend all of her time with the baby. Abandonment is the main theme in this poem, and it seems to be coming from every direction. The father abandoned the mother and his baby, the mother is losing touch with the baby, and the nurses and doctors are not getting too close to the mother in her time of need and confusion. It can even be said that the mother was

Childhood Essay Example for Free

Childhood Essay Be able to develop positive relationships with children and young people Explain why positive relationships with children and young people are important and how these are built and maintained. Positive relationships with children and young people are important for the child so that they can learn and develop to their full ability. If a child feels comfortable with you they would be more inclined to leave their parents in the morning easier. This makes the parent feel happier – leaving their child with someone their child enjoys being – and makes them feel less guilty about going to work. This also then means they can start to play and interact with other children. Through playing and exploring and socialising the child or young person will then start to participate in more and more activities. A good relationship with the child means you make them feel safe and secure and if the child has positive emotions it is more likely they will stay healthier and not get run down or ill. A positive relationship is also important because it is then less likely that the child will act out and behave negatively. They are less likely to act out and behave negatively if the child has a positive bond with you because you will know them well enough to cater for their wants, wishes and individual needs, therefore they will not feel frustrated or alone and will not need to act out to relieve stress or anger or to gain attention. A positive relationship is important as it helps a child develop confidence at a quicker rate and develop their language and communication skills quicker too. If a child feels comfortable with you they will start to talk to you more, providing you with the opportunity to assess where the child is at developmentally with their speech, language, knowledge and other aspects, and also find out about their personal interests. You can then set activities to help the child to further develop based on what they can already do and ensure the activity will fun for them by incorporating their interests into the activity. This means they can start to develop quicker and with the help of someone they have a positive relationship with. Having a positive relationship with a child will mean you know them well, their personality, their emotions, the little things. Therefor you can easily pick up on a difference in body language to know if there is something wrong, and also you begin to know what facial expression means what and so can address any issues quicker. Also with a positive relationship the child will feel like they can come to you and this is important so that they do not keep anything inside and instead share and resolve the issue so they feel calm again and happiness is essential in childhood. A positive relationship is built through trust. It’s the little things you do that helps you build up a positive relationship with the child. For example: Giving them praise for doing something good Giving them a cuddle when they need it Helping and supporting them through the daily routine Keeping them safe and feeling secure having a positive relationship with their parents. All of these are ways to build and maintain a relationship with the child or young person and their career. Children and young people like consistency and stability, they like what they know and as long as you can be or are there for them consistently, and are positive towards them they will begin to form a bond with you. Evaluate own effectiveness in building relationships with children or young people When settling a new child into my room there are a few things I do to make them feel comfortable and hopefully build a positive relationship with them. Firstly, when a child or young person enters the room I always make sure I greet them, making eye contact, saying hello and smiling. I make sure I get down to their level and offer to give them a hug. I try to make the environment they walk into a positive one so they do not feel threatened or intimidated but more welcomed and wanted. I think this is effective as it is becomes a routine they can get used to seeing me when they walk through the door and will then instinctively start to say hello back and accept your offer of a hug. I also ensure I am always happy and have a chat with their parent or guardian. I think if the parent and you have a positive relationship the child will pick up on this and start react that way too. I think it’s an effective method to use as they do not see you as ‘the person that takes them away from their parent or guardian’ but instead sees you as a friend of theirs and their parent/guardian. I also find another very effective way to build a positive relationship with a child or young person is to constantly encourage them. Giving them a variety of toys and saying ‘oh what’s this? Would you like to play in the sand? ’ ect. This promotes to them you are fun and want to play with them. Children usually like someone to play with however this is not always effective if the child’s individual preference is to be left alone. In which case it is better to build the relationship by giving them their space, but making sure you are there for them when they need you for example, they are upset and you give them cuddles and/or words of reassurance. We recently had a little girl start and every day she will sit at the breakfast table. For a couple of weeks now I have been smiling at her and asking if she wants to come play. In the past she hasn’t, but by not being too pushy and letting her settle in at her own pace, she has started to smile back and will sometimes gain the confidence to come and join me in playing in the sand for example. Therefore, patience, understanding but persevering too is an effective way to build a relationship with the child, letting them have their own time to get used to you, trust you and like you. A method I use to build a relationship with a child is to just always be in the room paying and having fun. If a new child see’s you having fun playing and the children you are with doing so too they will normally begin to do so to. I think this is effective because the ‘fun factor’ is something I have found no child can resist. Also the fact that you are always there they can get used to you quicker the more you are available to them. If you ask the children or young people questions I find they begin to come out of themselves more, however there is the potential of a language barrier and so the effectiveness of asking question is non-existent. In this case it is effective to learn some of the child’s key words in their language and communication is an effective way of building a bond with a child. If you are seen to be trying the child will recognise this and begin to try to. I have in the past learnt key words in another language and began to say it in their language and then English, this has been effective as they have wanted to learn and hey used to come ad sit with me a lot just practicing these few English words. However, I only found this effective once the child had settled into the setting and was used to being there.

The Usefulness Of Swot Analysis To Organisations Business Essay

The Usefulness Of Swot Analysis To Organisations Business Essay Change is a very significant word in business. Modern business is defined as the most competitive and active. To survive in the modern competitive business environment, the organizations have to adopt their strategies to meet the changing demands and needs of the customers. SWOT analysis is one the most significant business strategies which helps the organizations to assess their current situation both internally and externally and to implement a new strategy where necessary. Moreover, modern high technology, communication system and online shopping are highly influencing the customers and thus their demands and needs are becoming volatile. They have more choices, alternative products and services to get. Also, the changing life style of human beings is also another important reason why the business organizations need to modify their strategies. To balance these changes, both technological and social, the managers should plan a SWOT analysis and implement a new business strategy. However, change in business enables an organization to compete with its rivals and win the business position. Business organizations, particularly fashion, clothing, perfumed, mobile companies, technological instruments consider change as the most vital part of business strategy. For manufacturing companies, change is important in the sense that it gives variety to the existing customers and satisfies their unexposed desires. However, to bring change in business environment, the first thing is to identify the need of change, which will be followed by a specific plan for these changes. Various business tools, process, technology and performance meters are used to incorporate these changes. There is no alternative for continuous improvement in business environment. To survive in a competitive business environment, continuous improvement is mandatory to meet the business objectives. So, SWOT analysis is very important for business organizations to implement a new business strategy in order to cope with the modern competitive business market and to meet business objectives. Modern Business Environment: Volatile Change is one of the most significant and vital elements in business market. There are lots of reasons whey business market is changing and getting affected by it. The word change has now become the part of corporate business. Change management is a modern business philosophy which is adopted almost by every renowned business organization to meet the challenges of volatile business environment. The reasons of rapid change in business can be economic instability, inflation, changing life style, extensive use of modern technology, etc. Rapid rise and death of new companies also affect business environment. What is SWOT Analysis? An internationally recognized and extensive used business tool, SWOT analysis is a powerful technique to assess the current situation of a business organization and to predict the future business life. It is the primary level for marketers to plan and focus on key issues. However, SWOT is an abbreviated term for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. Strengths and weaknesses are internal factors, while opportunities and threats are external. History of SWOT analysis: Albert Humphrey developed the SWOT analysis technique. Team Action Model was the research project that Humphrey led a Stanford University in the 1960s and 1970s from where the term was derived. He collected the data for this research from many top companies. However, SWOT analysis is an extended form of TAM, which helps to manage change in business organization. Moreover, since 1960s organizations have been using SWOT analysis as a business concept. It has been also used in management structure and corporate marketing. Indeed, with the passage of time the concepts of SWOT have been modified to suit the needs of business setting. Significance of SWOT analysis: SWOT analysis is one of the most significant business tools, which aims to assess the current situation of an organization in order to develop business strategies to encounter competition. It is a key element of strategic development. It helps a company to predict its future prospects and the financial environment. Again, it helps an organization to develop its critical and specific decisions to plan strategic objectives. It helps organizations to predict future difficulties or problems. Notably, SWOT analysis can also be used in human life. It helps individuals to get an instant view of personality or career. In fact, SWOT analysis is a magnificent tool for appraisal both in business and individual life. Apart from these, there are numbers of other reasons whey an organization uses SWOT analysis. It can be used as a tool of problem solving, decision making, planning, brainstorm meetings, workshop sessions, product evaluation and also personal development planning. Discussion and Analysis: SWOT A tool for auditing an organization and its environment, SWOT analysis is the primary stage of planning which helps marketers to focus on key issues of business strategies. However, SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Strengths and weaknesses are internal factors. Opportunities and threats are external factors. SWOT ANALYSIS: INTERNAL FACTORS Strengths Strengths are the first elements of SWOT analysis which assesses the positive tangible and intangible attributes of an organization internally. These attributes are controllable and within the organizations. These strengths of a person or a company help to achieve the objectives. Strengths can also be defined as the elements which enable an organization to do well, comparing to the competitors. It focuses on the advantages of the organization over the business. For example, the strengths of an organization can be good quality of the products, brand image, attention of electronic media, customer loyalty, best location, strong communication, etc. Weaknesses Weaknesses include the elements which are harmful and stand in the way of achieving the business objectives. These are the internal factors within an organizations control that prevent to gain the desired objectives. It helps the organizations to identify the specific areas where improvements are necessary. The weaknesses of an organization, for instance, can be poor quality standards, broken reputation, past loss project, rejected by customers, old fashioned products, poor communication system, negligence of media, etc. SWOT ANALYSIS: EXERNAL FACTORS Opportunities Opportunities are the external factors over which the organization does have control. But, these factors affect the companys profitability and business processes both directly and indirectly. These are the factors why an organization exists and develops. These factors help an organization to foresee the future possibilities and opportunities that the organization may encounter. They help the organization to plan and identify the time line to achieve the objectives. Indeed, opportunities are the objectives of organization in a broad sense. For example, the opportunities of an organization can be a new business market, extending business overseas or to other outlets, launching a new product, adding new value (such as, online marketing), moving to global market, etc. Threats Threats are the external factors which cause dangers and risks for an organization to achieve the goals and objectives. As external factors, organizations do not have control over them, but are highly affected by them. These factors help an organization to have safeguard from risks and dangers. These factors also guide the organization to drive on the right road. Threats of an organization, for example, can be: Rising popularity of the competitors in local or global market Changing habits of customers Pricing competition with competitors Arrival of new alternative product in the market New taxation policy Difference between external and internal factors of SWOT: The difference between external factors and internal factors of SWOT analysis is very obvious. The basic difference between the two is that internal factors are controllable, while external factors cannot be controlled by the organization. Usually, the external factors (strengths and weaknesses) of an organization are mainly based on organization itself, corporate market or customer needs and demands. The strength of an organization can be defined as the way of meeting customer needs and satisfaction, while weaknesses are the problems or shortcomings that the company faces to fulfill the market or customer demands. However, the internal factors of an organization usually affect the following factors, such as sale and profitability, product quality and brand image, product cost and customer needs, employee potentiality and the financial ability of management, etc. On the other hand, the external factors of an organization are the issues that affect not only organization but the total business system. The common issues that affect the company externally can be business segments, customer motivations and unmet needs, business strategies, overall business structures, environmental issues (such as governmental, technological, economic, cultural, demographic, etc.), etc. How to implement SWOT Analysis? Though appeared as a simple and easy business tool, SWOT analysis is very powerful and meaningful technique. To implement SWOT analysis, the first thing an organization needs to have is time and adequate information and resources. It is not possible to implement a SWOT analysis in an organization by one person, because it requires team work and efforts. The positive traits of this technique are that it is quick, flexible and comprehensive managing tool, which make the process easy to implement. However, the process of SWOT analysis follows a sequential order. Obviously, there are four steps to follow in this analysis. Whether analyzing a product or a service, the SWOT analysis is done in the same way. First Step: Collection of information In this stage, an organization collects all the information regarding the first two internal factors, strengths and weaknesses. However, this information collection can be done through a number of different ways. One-to-one interview or a group discussion can be carried to gather information. There will be number of different views, questions and issues that related to these elements. Second Step: Listing possible Opportunities and Threats Here, the organization can make a list of all the opportunities that it may encounter in the future. It can make another list of all the future possible threats within the organization. Third Step: Planning action In this stage, the plan of action will carried out to meet these opportunities and to secure the company from the threats. In this stage, the organization makes sure that they can maintain the strengths, change or stop the weaknesses, prioritize opportunies and minimize threats. Again, there are other ways to implement SWOT analysis. The following chart shows another different technique of SWOT analysis. SWOT Analysis Framework Environmental Scan   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  / Internal Analysis  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  External Analysis /   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  / Strengths  Ã‚  Ã‚  Weaknesses  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Opportunities  Ã‚  Ã‚  Threats | SWOT Matrix According to the SWOT matrix formula, there must be a balance between these elements. The formula follows the following chart: SWOT / TOWS Matrix Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities S-O strategies W-O strategies Threats S-T strategies W-T strategies S-O strategies: strengthening positive traits or opportunities W-O strategies: stopping or conquering weaknesses to meet opportunities. S-T strategies: strengthening ways to win external threats W-T strategies: having a strong plan to avoid weaknesses and threats CASE STUDY: SWOT ANALYSIS OF TESCO There are numbers of organizations which are using SWOT analysis almost every day in this modern business environment. This analysis can be carried on a small area of the organization or on overall company. TESCO is one of the major global business installations which can be analyzed by applying SWOT analysis as a whole. Strengths in Tesco The first strength of Tesco can be found in their popularity and business achievement of World Retail Award. Again, the constant increase of overall sales is another significant strength of Tesco. Likewise, Tesco has another strength in their reserve funds for business expansion and meeting economic crisis. Weaknesses in Tesco The primary weakness of Tesco can be found in their bad debt, house insurance claims and credit card arrears. Being a price leader in the market, Tesco is losing profit. Again, Tesco business and its profitability is mainly based on the UK market. Opportunities in Tesco Being the 3rd largest global trader, Tesco has strong buying power. Tesco is a global business organization which has number of different products and services. It is still extending to the global market and gaiting global trust. Extensive use of modern technology is enabling Tesco to meet the modern challenge of marketing. Constant increase of Tesco mobile customers can also be considered as a business opportunity. Threats in Tesco Economic inflation is one of the major business threats that Tesco had encounter in the recent past. The rising cost of food and non-food raw materials is another threat for Tesco. Changing buying habits of customers also affect Tescos business strategies and thus it requires reassessment of the current market. Competition with rivals, particularly with Wal-Mart which can takeover Tesco business position anytime is another noteworthy threat that Tesco is encountering nowadays. CONCLUSION To sum up, SWOT analysis is one of the powerful business tools which can be used in almost every business situation and also in individual affairs. It helps organizations to assess their current position and to plan their future plans. It is decision making tool that provides the framework for an organization to generate business strategy, mark its position and direct its objectives. Though very simple, SWOT analysis requires close attention and experienced application. In the modern changing business market, SWOT analysis has been proved to be a very important tool to the marketers. SWOT analysis is often said to be paralleled and alternative to the PESTEL analysis. Often, organizations use both these business tools together to plan their strategies. Once again, the SWOT analysis helps organizations to get an overall picture of the company and the starting point of strategic planning. It is the primary tool of business analysis. To conclude, experienced marketers when utilizing SWOT analysis make sure that the company is based on its strengths and opportunities, able to stop and correct its weakness, and can protect itself from external threats. They consider the business environment extremely unpredictable and thus use this tool that may help organizations to predict their future through this process.

Philosophy of Teaching Paper Essay

My philosophy of education encompasses three attributes that play a significant role in becoming an effective educator. The three qualities are as follows: creating an environment that is conducive to different types of learners, maintaining a respectful yet fun classroom setting, and using visual and creative teaching methods to sustain the hunger for knowledge in your classroom setting. An educator will remain successful if they possess these qualities in addition to enthusiasm and patience. It is the sole duty of the teacher to assess the different learning styles early and develop a plan of action. An effective educator should have the ability to foster the students’ confidence levels and monitor the teaching strategies that are unsuccessful. I find that relating math problems to real-life situations enables the students to grasp the material in a unique way. Other ways to address a class with different learning styles is to allow peer tutoring and demonstrate cooperative learning. Cooperative learning allows the students to learn the material as a group. This method is extremely useful because it stimulates discussion and creates an environment where mistakes and triumphs are shared. Peer tutoring is effective because it allows certain students to receive help in a smaller setting. This approach is preferred by most students because it allows them to work with another classmate on an individual basis. It is of equal importance that educators create an environment that is fun, yet respectable. Teachers should demonstrate a strict classroom management approach in the beginning and gradually encourage more smiles and laughter. This deviation from the norm reminds the students and teacher that a classroom can become a comfortable environment. However, this method can be altered at the teacher’s discretion. A relaxed classroom atmosphere gives the teacher an approachable disposition. With new-age technology on the rise, all educators must keep up with the times. Students are not responding well to teachers who remain stationary while facilitating a lesson. Educators are competing with cellular phones, IPods, MP3 players, and other technical devices. As a result, many instructors are changing their styles in order to appeal to the masses. This entails incorporating visual aids and creative presentations in the curriculum. The new advancements in technology allow the students to enjoy themselves and learn simultaneously. My philosophy of education also builds upon the theories of essentialism and progressivism. I am an advocate of essentialism because I believe that students should be taught based on a core curriculum that places emphasis on a core subject area. Students tend to gravitate towards structure and educators see better results. Additionally, students gain access to a plethora of knowledge when a core knowledge curriculum is introduced. For example, students should not be held accountable for mastery of basic mathematics skills. Students should also be taught about different mathematicians and the various theories that are associated with them. The core knowledge curriculum allows educators to push the envelope and encourage students to â€Å"think outside of the box†. Essentialism prohibits remediation and promotes the application of critical thinking skills. In defense of differentiated learning, I do applaud the progressivism theory. It is imperative that educators embrace the fact that the students learn differently. Hence, Dewey’s approach that states that education should be child-centered as opposed to subject-centered. Educators should be trained to practice the ability grouping strategy and create lesson plans that cater to all learning styles. We, as educators, should focus on the role as the facilitator in the classroom and encourage students to work independently while using us as a resource. All of the attributes listed above are a reflection of a new day and age. Classrooms with students learning at the same pace are long gone. The days are behind us when teachers were able to instruct from a podium for an entire period. We are in an era that proves that teaching directly from a textbook is not the best method. In conclusion, educators are accountable for ensuring that the students remain hungry by satisfying all of their educational needs.

Calorimetry and Hess’s Law Essay

Elemental magnesium is one of the principal components of flares used to illuminate nighttime activities, or to aid in signaling one’s location to aircraft and ships. Your instructor may ignite a strip of magnesium ribbon to demonstrate the combustion of magnesium in air. It will be evident that a great deal of light energy is released from this reaction. A direct method for measuring the heat produced by this reaction would be difficult, so we shall resort to an indirect method in this experiment as discussed below. Some chemical reactions (including the one above) are associated with the evolution of thermal energy and are called exothermic reactions. When there is absorption of energy in a chemical reaction, the process is called endothermic. The magnitude of the energy change is determined by the particular reaction as well as the amount of product(s) formed. The thermal energy transferred in a balanced chemical reaction carried out at constant pressure is called the enthalpy of reaction (or heat of reaction) and is  given the symbol ΔHrxn. ΔHrxn is often expressed in units of kJ/mole where mole refers to the amount of a reactant or a product involved in the reaction. In general, the reactant or product must be specified. In this experiment, you will measure the enthalpy changes of several exothermic reactions utilizing a simple calorimeter. This calorimeter consists of an insulated vessel (a Styrofoam cup), a thermometer, and a lid (which is loose fitting to allow the pressure to remain constant. The energy given off by any reaction carried out in the calorimeter is absorbed by both the calorimeter and the solvent (water). This causes an increase in the temperature of the calorimeter and solvent that can be me asured by a thermometer. The heat that is absorbed by the calorimeter and solvent is calculated from the equation: qcal = C â‹… ΔT (1) where C is the heat capacity of the calorimeter and solvent, and ΔT is the change in temperature of the water (the solvent) in the calorimeter. Heat capacity is defined as the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of an object by 1  °C. In this experiment, the vessel and the amount of solvent remain constant, so C is a constant. Enthalpy is an extensive quantity, so the amount of heat generated by the reaction is given by the expression: qrxn = n â‹… ΔH (2)  where n is the number of moles of a specific reactant or product and ΔH is the enthalpy change of the reaction in kJ/mol. Since the energy of the universe is conserved, the total energy change of the system (the reaction) and surroundings (calorimeter and solvent) is equal to zero. These relationships can be combined as shown in equation (3). qsystem + qsurroundings = qreaction + qcalorimeter = n⋅ΔH + C⋅ΔT = 0 (3) This equation can be rearranged to determine either C or ΔH as shown in equations (4) and (5). C = − n⋅ΔH/ΔT (4) ΔH = − C⋅ΔT/n (5) For exothermic reactions, ΔH < 0 and ΔT > 0. The main experimental problem in any calorimetric measurement is obtaining an  accurate value of ΔT. The initial temperature, Ti, of the reactants can be determined directly using a thermometer. However, it is difficult to obtain a precise value for the final temperature, Tf (the instantaneous temperature when the reactants are mixed together and react), because (1) reactions do not occur instantaneously, and (2) calorimeters are not perfectly insulating, but actually allow some heat energy to slowly enter or escape from the calorimeter over time. This occurs both during the reaction and after its completion. If an exothermic reaction occurs in a hypothetical calorimeter that is perfectly insulated, all of the heat produced by the reaction will remain in the calorimeter, resulting in a constant final temperature. This would yield the same ΔT whether or not the reaction is instantaneous. Now consider a hypothetical exothermic reaction that occurs instantaneously, but in a realistic calorimeter that is not perfectly insulated. In this case, the temperature of the calorimeter would diminish over time due to the gradual escape of heat energy to the surroundings. ï€  The â€Å"final† temperature to be used in determining ΔT in this case is actually the maximum temperature reached immediately after reaction occurs, since this temperature change is due exclusively to the heat produced in the reaction, and no escaping of heat to the surroundings has occurred yet. For real calorimeter experiments, reactions neither occur instantaneously nor are calorimeters perfectly insulated. Thus, during an exothermic reaction the temperature of the calorimeter increases initially, but never has a chance to reach the correct maximum â€Å"final† temperature since heat is escaping to the surroundings even while the reaction is proceeding toward completion. A correction for this heat exchange is made by an extrapolation process using the temperature vs. time curve (see Figure 1). First, a plot of the temperature readings as a function of time for the reaction is generated. By extrapolating only the linear portion of the curve (e.g., the points including and after the maximum temperature) back to zero time (the time when the reactants were mixed in the calorimeter), Tf is obtained. The Tf value determined in this manner will be the temperature that the calorimeter and the solvent would have reached, had the reaction occurred instantaneously and with no heat exchange to the room. This value should be used for the calculation of change in temperature, ΔT. Consult with your TA for specific instructions for extrapolation using Microsoft Excel. A. Determination of the Enthalpy of Combustion of Mg Using Hess’s Law The calorimeter will be used to determine the enthalpy of combustion of magnesium by application of Hess’s law. Consider the following reactions: (a) H2(g) +  ½ O2 (g) → H2O (l) ΔHa = − 285.84 kJ/mole (b) Mg(s) + 2 H+ (aq) → Mg2+ (aq) + H2 (g) ΔHb (c) Mg2+ (aq) + H2O (l) → MgO (s) + 2 H+ (aq) ΔHc By adding equations (a), (b), and (c) we obtain (d) Mg (s) +  ½ O2 (g) → MgO (s) ΔHrxn = ΔHa + ΔHb + ΔHc which represents the combustion of Mg(s). Reaction (a) represents the formation of liquid water from its constituent elements. The enthalpy change for this reaction, symbolized ΔHa above, is the standard heat of formation of liquid water (or ΔHf (H2O)) and is a known quantity. ΔHb and ΔHc will be determined experimentally by measuring the temperature rise when known masses of magnesium metal and magnesium oxide, respectively, are added to hydrochloric acid. Reaction (c) as written is an endothermic reaction. Since it is easier to perform the reverse (exothermic) reaction, the data you collect will be of opposite sign to that needed for the Hess’s law calculation for reaction (d). When data from your analysis is correctly combined with that for the known reaction (a), the enthalpy of combustion of magnesium metal can be obtained. PROCEDURE: Note: Handle the Styrofoam cups gently. They will be used by other lab sections! A. Determination of the Enthalpy of Combustion of Magnesium Reaction of Magnesium Metal and Hydrochloric Acid 1. Using the graduated cylinder, add 50.0 mL of 1.0 M HCl to the empty calorimeter. Wait for a few minutes to allow the set-up to reach thermal  equilibrium. 2. While waiting, determine the mass of a sample of magnesium ribbon (about 0.15 g) on the analytical balance, and then wrap it with a piece of copper wire. The copper will not react in the solution; its purpose is to prevent the magnesium from floating to the surface during the reaction. Do not wrap the magnesium too tightly or it will not react quickly enough with the HCl solution. Do not wrap the magnesium too loosely since it may escape the copper â€Å"cage† and float. 3. Using LoggerPro, start a run of 500 seconds with the temperature probe in the 1.0 M HCl in the calorimeter (with lid). 4. The magnesium/copper bundle is added to the HCl solution. Replace the lid with the thermometer in place, and begin swirling to mix. Be sure to support the temperature probe. Continue swirling and collecting data and record about 300 seconds or until the temperature starts decreasing. This will provide the linear part of the curve, and are the most important points for the extrapolation procedure. 5. When data collection is completed, rinse the calorimeter and thermometer with distilled water and dry as completely as possible. Place the piece of copper in the container labeled â€Å"copper waste.† B. Reaction of Magnesium Oxide and Hydrochloric Acid 1. Place 50.0 mL of 1.0 M HCl into a clean graduated cylinder. 2. On a top-loading balance, transfer approximately 0.7 to 0.8 g of MgO to a clean weighing boat (no need to record this mass). Next, determine the mass of the MgO and the weighing boat on the analytical balance and record the data. Transfer the MgO to the dry calorimeter. 3. On the analytical balance, record the mass of the â€Å"empty† weighing boat after the transfer and calculate the mass of MgO actually transferred to the calorimeter. 4. Record the initial temperature (Ti) of the 1.0 M HCl solution in the graduated cylinder. 5. Note the time (time = zero) and add the 50.0 mL of 1.0 M HCl to the calorimeter containing the MgO. 7-8 points after the temperature maximum. In this reaction all the MgO should react since HCl is used in excess. However, if the solid MgO is allowed to sit on the bottom or sides of the cup it will not dissolve and hence it will not react. Make sure the solution is mixed constantly but gently. (NOTE: Before discarding this solution, check to see that all of the MgO has reacted. If solid MgO remains, the results from this portion of the experiment are not accurate. If any solid is present, this portion of the experiment must be repeated.)  6. When data collection is completed, rinse the calorimeter and thermometer with distilled water and dry as completely as possible.

Emergence Of Professional Assessment Within Social Work Social Work Essay Essay Example

Emergence Of Professional Assessment Within Social Work Social Work Essay Essay Example Emergence Of Professional Assessment Within Social Work Social Work Essay Essay Emergence Of Professional Assessment Within Social Work Social Work Essay Essay This essay aims to discourse the outgrowth of professional appraisal within societal work and see the part a qualified societal worker is able to offer to the appraisal procedure over that of a well-meaning and skilled unqualified worker. The treatment will be illustrated utilizing appropriate statute law and policy, with mention to service users with larning disablements and older people. The NHS and Community Care Act ( 1990 s. 47 ) places a statutory responsibility on local governments to measure any individual who may be in demand of services. Its induction prompted a sea alteration from antecedently service-led attacks towards user-led appraisal, advancing client demand and positions ( Branfield and Beresford, 2006 ) . However, despite being the fastest turning country of societal work, the protection of grownups is compromised by a deficiency of dedicated, comprehensive statute law. There is, for illustration no grownup equivalent to the Children Act ( 1989 ) to put out statutory responsibilities for local governments. In the absence of such statute law, the Department of Health published the No Secrets counsel ( DH, 2000 ) which makes recommendations for pattern and provides definition for vulnerable grownups as, those in demand of services because of mental or other disablement, age or unwellness, and/or those who are unable to care for themselves or unable to protect themselves from important injury or development. Owing to this, service users with larning disablements and vulnerable older people are likely to fall into said class. In order to discourse appraisal, it is of import to first specify it. Thompson ( 2002 ) refers to the holistic procedure which provides overview of the state of affairs. Crucially, it is merely with this holistic apprehension that practicians can accurately measure which support should be offered, while the process Thompson refers suggests that appraisal should non be an stray juncture. Good appraisal hence requires several phases ; viz. readying, informations aggregation, burdening so analysis of the information gained and in conclusion utilizing this information to inform intercession ( Milner and OBryne, 2009 ) . While these phases are non uniformly adhered to, they provide a procedure which validates the importance of holistic appraisal which is flexible, brooding and multi-agency ( Beckett, 2010 ) . Lack of multi-agency working is commonplace when bureaus fail ( DH, 2001 ) , and the serious instance reappraisal of Steven Hoskin, a vulnerable adult male with learning troubles who was abused, tortured and finally murdered ( BBC, 2007 ) , found overpowering grounds that bureaus were working in isolation, non sharing information and therefore neglecting to run into the demands deemed necessary in No Secrets ( DH, 2000 ) . Steven s reappraisal indicates bureaus were familiar with his exposure every bit good as the hazard posed by his relationship with Darren Stewart, a adult male with a diagnosed personality upset and history of anti-social behavior. Assessment in any instance, but peculiarly in complex 1s such as Steven s require bureaus to work together, intending societal workers must hold entree and overview of all available information in order to accurately measure both service user demands and possible hazards ( Walker and Beckett, 2003 ) . While a societal worker was involved in Steven s instance, the bulk of contact was with helpers who may non hold benefitted from faculties in Inter-Professional Education ( IPE ) which support better apprehension of bureau and professional functions ( Adams et al, 2005 ) . It could therefore argued that a qualified worker would hold understood the importance of sharing information, given that they must besides adhere to societal work Code of Ethical motives which calls for communicating and partnership working, and for bureaus to keep and portion clear, impartial and accurate records ( GCSS, 2002 ) . Sharing information AIDSs professional opinion, regards appraisal and aids deriving a holistic image of service user lives ( Doel and Sharlow, 2005 ) . Despite his built-in exposure, marks bespeaking this were non acknowledged and his serious instance reappraisal indicates that he told of holding no money, increasing his intoxicant ingestion every bit good as multiple calls to the constabulary. Despite constabularies, societal services and Ocean Housing all separately keeping important information sing anti-social behavior at his reference no action was taken. Failure to safeguard persons at hazard contravenes Articles 2 and 3 of the European Convention of Human rights and grownup protection, which like that of a kid, should be triggered when person is at hazard of harm of which there was grounds ( ECHR, 1950 ; DOH, 2000 ) . While independency is encouraged, a categorization of larning disablement should connote support is needed throughout the life-course, most peculiarly for those ( like Steven ) who are without protective societal webs, day-to-day modus operandis and nearby households who are willing to help ( Flynn, 2007 ) . Steven s demands were assessed as substantial and should hold had hebdomadal visits ; nevertheless out of the 18 planned merely 11 took topographic point before support was discontinued by Steven in August 2005. In this clip appraisals were non reviewed and risk appraisals uncompleted, despite FACS counsel saying they should be undertaken even when hazard is low ( DH, 2003 ) . Whilst Steven did hold some contact with Community Care helpers and NHS forces, both were considered un-attuned to his larning disablement, therefore chances to place maltreatment missed and concerns non passed on. Dolgoff et Al ( 2009 ) suggest that practicians will frequently know what the right calls are in pattern owing to gut feelings and Sullivan ( 2011 ) argues experient societal workers can intermix analysis ( such as prioritisation of information and hazard ) with instinct to do determinations in hazardous, complex ad unfamiliar state of affairss. While non sole to qualified staff, the ability to use replete aboard theoretical models, Sullivan arguably places qualified practicians in advantageous places during appraisals. Steven was known to associative with persons presenting as friends who used this place to work and ease maltreatment. Adults with larning disablements have an increased exposure to exploitation and such incidents have since been termed mate offense ( Williams, 2010 ) . Le Riche and Tanner ( 1998 ) recommend that community attention appraisals address countries including presentation, domiciliary cleanliness, and ideally company kept by clients. Stating marks of maltreatment were arguably apparent environmentally, socially and physically and a qualified worker may hold better recognised them and so initiated safeguarding processs as per the societal policy and counsel taught exhaustively in societal work instruction ( DOH, 2000 ; Trevithick, 2005 ) The decease of Gemma Hayter has a figure of tragic similarities to Steven Hoskin, including hapless information sharing ( despite multi-agency engagement ) , failure to reexamine appraisals and associations with known anti-social equals ( 2010 ) . Cardinal to the weaknesss in Gemma s instance nevertheless was the deficiency of lucidity in relation to her status which resulted in her falling through spreads in services. Assessment was refused in August and October 2007 and once more in November 2009 due to the deficiency of a diagnosing of larning disablement and, while she was assessed in 2008 by mental wellness services ; this was non referred on for societal attention appraisal. Appraisal at these occasions may hold identified demand and hazards related to societal operation every bit good as potentially recognizing of the hazard associated with her exploitatory equal group. Arguably personalisation may hold better supported Gemma as it assesses demand and hazard on exposure non me rely medical conditions every bit good as recognise client position and supply liberty ( Faulkner and Sweeney, 2011 ) . While preoccupation with hazard can ensue in those so defined being excluded from decision-making ( Langan and Lindow, 2004 ) ; important to Steven and Gemma s instances are the deductions of the choices made to withdraw with grownup services. While societal workers must recognize service users right to do determinations which may be considered unwise ( DOH, 2005 ) , it must besides be acknowledged that important premises were made about Gemma s mental capacity, despite no appraisal taking topographic point. Indeed, picks in both instances to withdraw were non decently investigated by any of the cardinal bureaus or staff ( Flynn, 2007 ; SCR, 2010 ) . It must be recognised that any individual who has capacity has the right to decline such services ( MHA, 2005 ) , nevertheless, where there is identified hazard the Risk and Choice Framework ( DH, 2007b ) recommends a multi-agency reappraisal meeting should be called to see if alterations can be made to re-engage the client and a haza rd appraisal updated to reflect the determination, which, in Gemma s instance this was non done. Again, a qualified societal worker with cognition of grownup protection and hazard may hold supported this. Many grownups, peculiarly those with learning troubles are capable to multiple subjugations, likely to populate in poorness and be exceptionally socially excluded ( Flynn, 2007 ; p. 21 ) . Awareness of this possible impact is indispensable to the function of societal work, and one could reason that without cognition and preparation of anti-oppressive pattern ( AOP ) , unqualified practicians are at hazard of appraisals which may be insensitive but besides damaging to both their relationship and to the service user s results ( Laird, 2007 ) . Jupp ( 2005 ) states that appraisal must be a procedure of alteration with the service user at the Centre ; necessitating practicians to hold an apprehension of how the impact of power instabilities. However, given service user demands are efficaciously graded utilizing the Fair Access of Care Services protocols ( DOH, 2010 ) ; the procedure can be disempowering, potentially perpetuate feelings of subjugation and appear contrary to AOP values ( Braye and Preston-Shoot, 2003 ) . The decease of JK , a 76 adult female who lived on her ain in Cornwall prompted a serious instance reappraisal which found two nucleus appraisals were undertaken by unqualified staff despite assorted wellness and societal demands which would inherently do appraisal more challenging ( SCR, 2009 ) . While the National Framework for Older Peoples ( 2001 ) provinces risk can be self-determined ; JK s workers were reported as baffled between pick and hazard despite concerns being raised by her household sing exposure, hazard of fiscal development and the conditions at her place which were reported to be both unhygienic and insecure. A qualified worker with the accomplishments and cognition of identifying and measuring hazard and apprehension of safeguarding processs possibly would hold initiated processs for safeguarding every bit, while JK possesses the right to remain at place, she is at hazard by virtuousness of possible fiscal maltreatment reported. However, despite contact with un qualified workers, hazards were non considered and safeguarding processs non initiated in line with protocol ( DH, 2000 ; DH, 2001 ) . It is of import that societal workers operate a two manner duologue, listening to and understanding service user positions every bit good as pass oning comprehension of the client s wants and feelings without doing premises about depleted capacity ( Richards, 2000 ) . However, while there were no reported concerns in relation to a capacity, appraisal was non undertaken by a appropriately qualified worker therefore, whilst JK wished to stay at place, it would hold been the duty of a qualified worker to guarantee that she understood the effects of these determinations ( DOH, 2005 ) . Bing person-centred in appraisal is of import when working with older people and Smale and Tuson ( 1993 ) discourse the usage of an exchange theoretical account as the default place in appraisal as it assumes the service user, justly, as the expert in their life. Knowledge of such theoretical accounts and theories are taught in societal work instruction and have added value in pattern with older people as practicians face extra struggle as older people s relationships with services can frequently be negative ; linked to neglecting wellness ( mentally and physically ) , poorness and old age ( Richards, 2000 ) . While Puting Peoples foremost ( DH, 2007 ) asks that control is passed back to service users, appraisal can hence be associated with farther loss of independency and considered something to fear intending societal workers must be cognizant of the potentially detrimental impact this may hold on power kineticss ( Kaufman, 1994 ; Seale, 1996 ) . Morrow-Howell ( 1992 ) raises conc erns that unqualified workers can overlook of import issues sing older people, and a qualified worker with apprehension of Ecological Theory may hold recognised the importance of JK s isolation and limited micro-systems interaction on her wellbeing. As such they may hold capitalised on strong familial bonds and back uping visits to from household and to community Centres ( Bronfenbrenner, 1979 ; Greene and Watkins, 1998 ) . While JK was recognised as disputing to prosecute, appraisal can function as an intercession itself ( Mellor and Soloman, 1992 ) and offered an chance to speak which can back up a narrative which enables self-problem resolution and katharsis ( Blaug, 1995 ) . Whilst non ever easy ( Birchall and Simmonds, 2004 ) , a qualified societal worker may hold been better equipt to cover with JK disputing behavior and reluctance to prosecute by utilizing their interpersonal accomplishments to suitably disputing, show sensitiveness, regard and positive respect and guarantee positive and synergistic organic structure linguistic communication through eyes contact and active hearing which reflect accomplishments gained through prosecuting service user faculties in societal work preparation ( Egan, 1986 ) . Supplying older people the services and safety they require necessitates a professional and caring substructure which promotes information sharing and professional treatment nevertheless, Manthorpe and Martineau ( 2011 ) indicate that the bulk of serious instance reviews place shortages in interagency communicating and a deficiency of lucidity as to take bureau as common topographic point despite inclusion in No Secrets ( Penhale et Al, 2007 ; 2000 ) . JK s serious instance reappraisal indicates that referrals were non acknowledged and a deficiency of ownership or lead professional ; assessors hence should hold used the relevant policies including Single appraisal procedure ( DH, 2003b ) ; local safeguarding processs, Mental Capacity Act ( 2005 ) and terminal of life programs which would hold both indicated bureau answerability and potentially afforded JK a more dignified decease by consideration of alleviative attention during her last four hebdomads when her wellness deteriorated. A recent study undertaken by Community Care ( 2010 ) found that, of people asked ; 42 % of appraisals were undertaken by unqualified societal workers. Such determinations have been justified on the premiss that this allows qualified workers to concentrate on more complex affairs proposing a reactive, instead than proactive attack to societal work with grownups ( Barclay, 1982 ; Dickens, 2010 ) . Indeed, while the Single Assessment Process ( DH, 2003b ) provinces that assessment must be carried out by a competent, trained professional regardless of qualified position, appraisal requires practicians to do of import opinions which can hold life-changing deductions for service users. It is hence becomes amongst the most ambitious countries of societal work, necessitating accomplishments and cognition which derive from experience and preparation ( Coulshed and Orme, 2006 ) . Despite this, with moves to call-centre manner responsibility squads where unqualified workers are routinely the p oint of first contact for referral, the importance of appraisal is at hazard of being undermined ( McGregor, 2010 ) While it could be argued that such accomplishments, values and cognition discussed in this assignment could be maintained by unqualified staff, there are unimpeachably certain countries of strength which qualified societal worker possess. Nolan et Al, ( 2001 ) discourse how appraisals can be as compromised by resources as by limited cognition and accomplishments hence, while unqualified societal workers may be called on to measure to free up qualified staff, there is a demand to protect the professional nature of societal work, which means guaranting that those who complete appraisals have sufficient preparation that they are able to be held accountable without being scapegoated ( Dustin, 2007 ) . Therefore, while unqualified societal workers do non inherently lack the accomplishments, cognition and values per sae ; without the degree of preparation, ability to reflect, supervising and answerability required by societal work organic structures, unqualified workers themselves are th e 1s who are vulnerable and as such it can be argued that all the same force per unit areas and duty of qualified workers should non be expected of them, which possibly validates the place that appraisals should be carried out by qualified societal workers.